Comprehensive Evaluation On The Growth Bearing Habit And Quality Of Fine Varieties Of FIG In Southern Xinjiang

Fig has been planted for more than one thousand years in Chinese history.Because of its strong growth adaptability,salt tolerance and high economic benefits,it has become an important industry for increasing agricultural income and earning foreign exchange in southern Xinjiang.Facility cultivation fig production makes up for the market gap between open field spring stubble and facility autumn stubble supply,with good market and high benefit.However,for a long time in southern Xinjiang,the variety structure is relatively simple,and there is a lack of excellent varieties for facility cultivation.In this experiment,10 introduced fig varieties were used as materials,and Xinjiang Zaohuang,the main cultivated variety in southern Xinjiang,was used as the control variety.Under the condition of facility cultivation,the plant growth and development,fruit quality and yield of different varieties were compared.Through comprehensive analysis,high-yield and high-quality fig varieties suitable for facility cultivation in the dominant producing areas of figs in southern Xinjiang were selected.The main results are as follows :1.Phenological period : ’ Jiaohei ’ was slightly later than other fig varieties in germination period;the tested fig varieties began to expand their leaves in late March;the fruit setting period of ’ Bojihong ’ was earlier than other fig varieties.The growth period of ’ Rizi ’ is about 110 d,which is a late maturing variety and can be listed in mid-August.There was no significant difference in growth period between other fig varieties and ’ Xinjiang Zaohuang ’,which could be listed in early July.The tested fig varieties except ’Jiaohei ’ and ’ White Adriatic ’ all entered the deciduous period in November.2.Growth and fruiting characteristics : The growth dynamics of new shoots and ground diameters of the tested fig varieties roughly showed a double ’S ’ curve.The tree vigor of ’Rizi ’,’ Bojihong ’,’ Hongyan ’,’ Jinaofen ’ and ’ Xinjiang Zaohuang ’ was more vigorous,and the tree vigor of other fig varieties was moderate compared with ’ Xinjiang Zaohuang ’.The first fruit nodes of ’Hongyan ’,’ Jinaofen ’,’ Jiaohei’and ’Xinjiangzaohuang ’were lower,which were 1-3 nodes,and the first fruit nodes of other fig varieties were slightly higher.The fruit ripening order of the tested fig varieties was from low node to high node.3.Fruit quality : The single fruit weight of ’ Hongyan ’,’ Jinaofen ’ and ’ Bojihong ’ was higher than that of ’ Xinjiangzaohuang ’,and the single fruit weight of other fig varieties was lower than that of ’Xinjiangzaohuang ’.The fruit shape index of the tested fig varieties was large ’ Xinjiang Zaohuang ’;’Balao Nai ’,’ White Adria ’,’ Xinjiang Zaohuang ’ and ’ Jin Aofen ’ are yellow-green varieties,and other figs belong to red varieties.The contents of soluble solids,soluble sugar and protein in ’ Purple Bordeaux ’ were significantly higher than those in ’ Xinjiang Zaohuang ’.The contents of flavonoids and total phenols in ’Jiaohei ’ were significantly higher than those in ’ Xinjiangzaohuang ’.The contents of vitamin C and titratable acid in ’ Rizi ’ were significantly higher than those in ’ Xinjiang Zaohuang ’.The yield per mu of ’Bojihong ’,’ Hongyan ’,’ Jinaofen ’ was higher than that of ’ Xinjiangzaohuang ’.4.The grey correlation analysis of fruit quality and yield of different fig varieties was carried out.Considering enriching fig varieties in Hotan area of southern Xinjiang,improving fruit quality and yield,’Bojihong ’,’ Jinaofen ’,’ Hongyan ’ and ’ Purple Bordeaux ’ can be selected for cultivation.