| Cotton-wheat cropping system is a widely used cropping system in the Yellow River Basin and Yangtze River Basin in China,which can improve the cropping index and promote farmers to increase production and income.As China’s rural labor force decreases and production costs increase,the problems of low mechanization,high labor and high production costs of the traditional crop set pattern are highlighted,especially for wheat rows through the compartment operation of the complete set of mechanized technology and supporting equipment development stagnation,which restricts the promotion and application of cottonwheat crop set planting technology.Based on the agronomic requirements of the whole process of mechanization technology of cotton-wheat planting,the thesis carried out the overall plan design of 810 mm equiangular row spacing elevated cotton planter for cotton-wheat planting,completed the design and production of main working parts,carried out static simulation analysis of key stress components,made the prototype of elevated cotton planter,and carried out the field performance test of the whole machine.The specific work is studied as follows:(1)selection and modification of the elevated power platform,design and analysis of traction and suspension devices;design of sharp-angle furrowing and loosening components with anti-tangle function,and calculation and analysis of furrowing depth limiting rubber wheels,furrowing depth of 30 mm～50 mm;selection of mechanical hole sower for seeding device,design of follow-along imitation and duckbill anticlogging device to ensure seeding depth of 20 mm～30 mm The design of suppression device with floating profiling function can realize the full contact between cotton seed and soil;the calculation and analysis of longitudinal stability and maximum climbing angle of the whole machine,the maximum climbing angle is23.4°,the results show that the design of the elevated power platform and seeder is feasible.(2)ANSYS software was used to conduct static analysis of the transport and working states of the lifting and traction device,and the results showed that the maximum deformation of the lifting and traction device in the transport state was 0.96 mm and the maximum stress value was 98.90 MPa,which was less than the yield strength of Q235 material 235 MPa;the maximum deformation of the lifting and traction device in the working state was 1.49 mm and the maximum stress value was 146.72 MPa,which was less than the yield strength of Q235 material.The modal analysis of the single frame of the planter shows that the minimum inherent frequency of the single frame is 31.96 Hz,which is greater than the excitation frequency of the elevated power platform(5 Hz～21 Hz)during normal operation,and no resonance will occur during the working process outside the resonance frequency.EDEM software was used to conduct discrete element analysis on the furrowing effect of the anti-tangle sharp-angle furrow opener to obtain the operating effect of the furrow opener under different operating speed and furrowing depth conditions,and the results proved that when the depth of the furrow opener was 50 mm and the operating speed was 4 km/h,the return depth was 10.8 mm and the furrowing width was 82 mm,and the operating effect of the furrow opener met the agronomic requirements.(3)Field test verification of the elevated cotton planter was carried out.Single-factor test and threefactor three-level quadratic regression orthogonal test were conducted with operating speed,furrowing depth,horizontal spacing between furrow opener and hole sower as influencing factors,and sowing pass rate and sowing leakage rate as assessment index.91.3% and 0.624% miss seeding rate.The optimized parameters were verified in field tests,and the results were compared with the theoretical values,which showed that the sowing pass rate was 91.1% and the sowing miss rate was 0.620%. |
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