Evaluation Of Disease Resistance And Main Agronomic Traits Of Rice Varieties Along Huai River

Rice is one of the most important grain crops in our country and also an important grain crop along Huaihe River.At present,rice not only needs to increase its yield per unit area,but also needs to improve its quality to meet the needs of more people.Therefore,rice yield per unit area,disease resistance and rice quality have gradually become hot topics of concern to the people.There is still a great demand for high quality rice varieties in the region along the Huaihe River.Therefore,this article takes new rice varieties suitable for planting in the Huaihe River region as the research object,and conducts regional experiments to select new rice varieties suitable for planting in the Huaihe River region.Based on the data analysis of rice regional trials during the six years from 2017 to 2022,including rice yield,growth period and main agronomic and economic traits,rice blast resistance,other major disease resistance and rice quality detection,the new rice varieties suitable for planting along the Huaihe River were comprehensively evaluated to provide scientific basis for screening suitable new rice varieties in this area.The main research results are as follows.1.Analysis of yield,growth period and main agronomic and economic characters of regional test varietiesThe results from 2017 to 2022 showed that the yield difference between 60.6% of the tested varieties and the control Xudao 3 reached a very significant level(p<0.01).Among them,Zhongheyou 3,Wanreclamation Jinqing,Zhongheyou 5,Lingzhenyou 6,Zhongheyou 9,Wanreclamation Nuo 124,Zhongheyou 11,Yangnongjing 3218,Haebo 903,Haebo 913,Jiayou 8106 and Daliang 319 yield points accounted for 100%;Compared with the control Xudao 3,62.0% of the tested varieties had a shorter growth period,among which Wankenjinqing,Xiaobo 19,Ruicheng 17095,Ruicheng 1818,Zhongke Yingyu 2and Ruicheng 219,and the maturity period was shortened by 5.3-12.4 d.2.Identification of rice blast resistance of regional trial varietiesThe results from 2017 to 2022 showed that the average comprehensive resistance index of rice blast of Zhongheyou No.1,Wanken Jinqing,Ruicheng 16040,Wankenuo 124,Yangnongjing 17-3168,Lingzhenyou No.6,Zhongheyou No.5,Nongxuan 11,Hefengnuo778,Wankenjing 699,Daliang 318,Xiaobo 19,Zhongheyou No.11,Xiaobo 19,Haebo903,Yangnongjing 3218,Nongxuan 840,Daliang 302,Yangnongjing 3142,Ruicheng 1818,Wankenjing 9043,Zhonghe You 9,You Liangyou 247,Haebo 903,Wankenuo 9048,Daliang 319,Daliang Nuo 177,Jiahe You 816,Jiayou 8106,Jiayou Zhongke 3,Wankenjing 2230,Wankenuo 9608,Yangnongjing 3068,Zhongyouhe 15 and Zhongke Yingyu 2 was equal to or less than 5.0 and the highest loss rate of panicle neck blast was less than or equal to grade 5.Among them,some rice varieties had high resistance in the first year of regional trial and were eliminated in the second year,which was related to regional geographical location and climate.3.Comprehensive evaluation of resistance of regional varieties to other major diseasesThe results of other major rice disease resistance experiments showed that the resistance levels of Wankenuo 124,Ruicheng 17058,Zhonghe You 5,Lingzhen You 6,Wankenjing699,Xiaobo 19,Yangnongjing 3218,Nongxuan 840,Zhonghe you 11,Daliang 302,Haebo925,Yangnongjing 3142,Zhonghe You 9,Youliangyou 247,Ruicheng 219,Luzidao 19,Wankenuo 5022,Wankenuo 105 6.The resistance levels of Chunjing 013,Chunnuo 319,Daliang 319,Jiayou 8106,Jiayou Zhongke 3,Ruicheng 533 and Zhongyouhe 15 to stripe disease were less than or equal to grade 3.The resistance levels of Yangnongjing 162680,Xiaobo 20 and Ruicheng 17095 to stripe disease were equal to 9,and Wankenjing 1168 to stripe disease were equal to 7.The resistance level of other varieties to stripe disease was equal to 5.4 Analysis of the best advantages of rice quality detection of regional trial varietiesAccording to the national "High Quality Rice" and NY/T593-2013 "Edible Rice Variety Quality" standards,the final rice quality test results showed that 86.0% of the regional test varieties reached the national standard or ministerial standard level 3 or above.The rice quality of Wankenuo 124,Yangnongjing 16-2680,Dariang 307,Zhongheyou 3,Hefengnuo778,Xiaobo19,Wankenjing 699,Yangnongjing 17-3168,Haebo 903,Hefengnuo 168,Ruicheng 533,Chunuo 319 and Zhongke Yingyu 2 all reached the national standard of high quality.Based on the above results,the yield and comprehensive resistance of the regional test varieties: Zhongheyou 1,Wankenuo 124,Wankenjinqing,Zhongheyou 3,Zhongheyou 5,Xiaobo 19,Wankenjing 699,Zhongheyou 11,Daliang 302,Yangnongjing 3218,Haebo 903,Nongxuan 840 and Yangnongjing 17-3168 were reached the standard.Combined with the results of production test,It is suggested to submit to the National Variety examination and Approval Committee for approval.Among them,Zhongheyou 1,Wankenjinqing,Zhongheyou 3,Zhongheyou 5,Xiaobo 19,Zhongheyou 11,Daliang 302,Haebo 903 have currently passed the national review.It is recommended to select high yield and high quality rice varieties suitable for rice along the Huaihe River region,which can improve farmers’ economic level and quality of life.Therefore,the development of cultivars with higher yield or better taste cultivars has been the subject of many breeding studies.