Differential Proteomic Analysis And Related Genes Identification Of Sweet Potato Leaves Quality

Leafy sweet potato stem tips and leaves are rich in protein,amino acids,pectin,dietary fiber,vitamins,phenols,lectins and various minerals,etc.,in addition,it also has a good health care effect,can Lower cholesterol levels,improve immunity,resist disease invasion,and also prevent tumors.Therefore,the observation of leaf morphology,quality analysis,identification of related genes and proteomic research of sweet potato were made,and it has important guiding value for the breeding,development and utilization of new varieties of leafy vegetable sweet potatoes.The morphology of stems and leaves of both leafy and non-leafy sweet potatoes was studied in this paper,and their nutrients were ascertained.Genes related to leaf quality of sweet potato were identified by transcriptome sequencing technology,and their functions were annotated.Identification of quality related proteins in sweet potato leaves was made to provide a theoretical basis for the study of sweet potato leaf quality using TMT labeled proteomic quantitative technique.The main results of the study are as follows:(1)The morphological structure and stem paraffin sections of leaf-vegetable seeet potato and non-leaf-vegetable sweet potato stems and leaves were observed,and there was no trichomes in the stems and leaves of leaf-vegetable sweet potato Baishu 1,while there was lots of trichomes in the stems and leaves of non-leaf-vegetable sweet potato Luoshu 12.there was no trichomes in leaves of Baishu 1 and Baizhengshu 2,while there was a few more trichomes in stems of Baishu 1 and Baizhengshu 2.The secondary tissues of Baishu 1 and Baizhengshu 2 are stunted,less cellulose(red),thick horn tissue is relatively thin and less thickened,Pushu 32 and mashali have more cellulose(red),and thick horn tissue is thicker.The substantial amount of protein and soluble sugar of leaves of Baishu 1,Pushu 32 and Mashali were higher,and the substantial amount of protein and soluble sugar of leaves of Baizhengshu 2 was lower.(2)The transcriptome of leaf-vegetable sweet potato Baishu 1 and non-leaf-vegetable sweet potato Luoshu 12 was sequenced and functional annotation of differential genes was made.Using Luoshu 12 as a control,The total of 2,501 differentially expressed genes was obtained,with 1,141 of these genes being increased and 1360 decreased.Of these,2,057 were annotated by GO database,accounting for 52.21 percent,1,074 by COG database,29.80 percent,and 541 by KEGG database,26.30 percent.The Swiss-Prot database was responsible for 75.79 percent of the 1,559 differentially expressed genes,while NR database was responsible for 99.038 percent of the 2,037 differentially expressed genes.The subcategories of starch and sucrose metabolism,Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,Phenylalanine metabolism,amino acid biosynthesis,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,fatty acid metabolism,terpenoid backbone biosynthesis,anthocyanin biosynthesis,vitamin B6 metabolism,cutin,suberine and wax biosynthesis,steroid biosynthesis,flavonoid biosynthesis and folate biosynthesis all had their genes enriched with differentially expressed genes.(3)The proteomics of leaf-vegetable sweet potato Baishu 1 and non-leaf-vegetable sweet potato Luoshu 12 were analyzed by tandem mass tags(TMT)labeled quantitative proteomics.4,845 protein groups were identified,among which 4,116 proteins were quantified.Using Luoshu 12 as a control,a total of 731 proteins were upregulated and 1,104 proteins were downregulated.Up-regulated proteins were enriched in the 28 functional categories,such as phosphatase activity,oxidoreductase activity,phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity,amide biosynthetic process,monosaccharide catabolic process.Down-regulated proteins were enriched in the 28 functional categories,such as hydrolase activity,threonine-type peptidase activity,peptidase regulator activity,carbohydrate metabolic process,S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process.Up-regulated proteins were mapped onto 9 pathways in the KEGG database,such Mapping down-regulated proteins onto 10 pathways,such as phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism,flavonoid biosynthesis,cyanoamino acid metabolis,and carbon metabolism,carbohydrates,glycine,serine,threonine,starch,sucrose,arachidonic acid metabolism,glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,and carbon metabolism,was conducted.