| With the convening of the Central Working Conference in 2020,the synergistic development of agricultural multi-function is an important element of agricultural modernization and an important initiative to promote rural revitalization.As an important part of agriculture,arable land also possesses multifunctionality,and how to promote the synergistic utilization among arable land multifunctionality is of great significance to the development of agricultural multifunctionality and rural revitalization.Since the strategic plan for rural revitalization was proposed in 2018,it has become a general consensus that developing rural tourism is an important work to implement the rural revitalization strategy.Therefore,a comprehensive consideration of the changes in the multifunctional relationship of arable land within rural tourism land can provide a new perspective for the development of rural revitalization strategy.In this regard,this thesis takes the rural tourism site-Zhongyuan Township as an example,establishes a comprehensive evaluation system to explore the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of arable land multifunction from 2013-2021,reflects the trade-off synergistic relationships among functions by Spearman rank correlation coefficients,analyzes the trade-off synergistic patterns of arable land multifunction spatially with the help of bivariate spatial autocorrelation and geographic probes based on optimal parameters and the factors influencing the spatial differentiation of arable land multifunctionality,in order to provide a reference basis for the multifunctional use of arable land,tourism development and rural revitalization in Zhongyuan Township,and the main conclusions were drawn as follows.(1)From 2013 to 2021,the overall multifunctional arable land in Zhongyuan Township shows an increasing trend,with the average value of multifunctional arable land index increasing from 0.2527 to 0.2614.Meanwhile,Sanping Village,Hegang Village and Qiujia Village have always been the high value areas of arable land function with good location advantages.In addition,the production function of arable land in Zhongyuan Township has shown a decreasing trend in the past ten years,and shows a spatial pattern of "high in the center,low around,and high value distribution along the provincial road",while the high value areas are still villages with obvious location advantages and excellent tourism development,such as Sanping Village;the ecological function of arable land has shown a decreasing trend,specifically the ecological function index of tourist villages has decreased while the ecological function index of non-tourist villages in remote areas has decreased.The ecological function of cultivated land is decreasing,which is characterized by the decrease of ecological function index of tourist villages and the increase of ecological function index of non-tourist villages located in remote areas;the living function of cultivated land is decreasing,and it shows the spatial pattern of "high in the south and low in the north";the cultural function of cultivated land is increasing significantly,and it shows the spatial pattern surrounded by Sanping village as the core,with a significant spatial expansion trend,while the cultural low value area shows an obvious The spatial expansion trend is significant,while the low value cultural areas show a clear trend of contraction.(2)The results of the multifunctional trade-off synergy measurement of cropland showed that during 2013-2021,there were generally synergistic relationships between multifunctional cropland in Zhongyuan Township,and only the ecological function and cultural function had insignificant trade-off relationships.In addition,except for the synergistic relationship between production function and cultural function,which has increased in the last decade,the synergistic relationship among other functions shows a weakening trend.The bivariate spatial autocorrelation results show that there is a significant spatial clustering effect among all major functions in Zhongyuan Township,and the synergistic clustering areas are characterized by decreasing while the trade-off clustering areas are characterized by increasing in the last decade.Specifically,the production-ecological function synergistic areas show a trend of shifting from northwest to southwest,and the "H-H" type synergistic areas are dominant,while the production-ecological function trade-off areas show a trend of shifting from north to southwest,and the "H-L and L-H" trade-offs are more dispersed.The distribution of "H-L and L-H" tradeoffs is scattered.The production-living function synergy area shows a southwest to central shift pattern,and the "H-H" synergy area is mainly distributed in tourism villages such as Sanping Village,while the balance area is mainly distributed around the "H-H" synergy area,which is more and more concentrated over time.The production-culture synergistic area shows a shift from the west to the northeast,and the "H-H" synergistic area is still concentrated in tourism villages such as Sanping Village,while the trade-off area shows a shift from the southwest to the northeast,with the "L-H" trade-off area being the main one.The ecological-living synergistic area is scattered and only shows a tendency to migrate to the north,while the power and balance area is concentrated in the central part of Zhongyuan Township.The characteristics of ecological-cultural synergistic areas and trade-off areas in the last decade are consistent with the ecological-living functional relationship.In addition,the living-cultural functional synergistic area shows a west to northeast shift in the last decade,with tourism villages such as Sanping village as the main clustering area,while the power and balance area shows a southwest to northeast shift trend.(3)The results of single-factor probing show that the spatial pattern variation of the integrated function of arable land is mainly influenced by self-location factors,among which distance from rural settlements,slope and elevation play a dominant role,and with the rapid development of tourism industry in Zhongyuan Township,the role of various leisure service facilities and road construction becomes more and more obvious,and becomes one of the dominant factors by 2021.The divergence is mainly influenced by natural location factors such as distance from rural settlements,elevation,slope and distance from water,however,the degree of influence of distance from leisure service facilities and distance from roads increases significantly in 2021,reflecting that the development of basic leisure service facilities such as tourism will significantly increase the intensity of arable land production.The ecological function of arable land is influenced by natural conditions,but with socioeconomic development,factors such as distance from roads will also influence it.The main influencing factors of the arable land living function are similar to the production function,which is still dominated by natural location.By 2021,the booming tourism industry plays a greater role in the development of the arable land living function.As for the cultural function,the distance from various basic services(leisure services,medical care,education)and other facilities is always the main influencing factor.The results of interaction detection show that the influencing factors of the spatial differentiation of each function of arable land show significant enhancement effects among themselves,mainly divided into two-factor enhancement and nonlinear enhancement,indicating that the interaction of two factors can improve the explanation of the differentiation of the multifunctional spatial pattern of arable land to a greater extent.In the context of China’s current economic and social transformation and the vigorous development of rural revitalization,it is particularly important to scientifically identify the characteristics of multifunctional spatial and temporal differences and functional structural relationships of arable land,and to identify and prevent the possible risks of functional transformation of arable land. |
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