Analysis On The Implementation Status And Satisfaction Of Grassland Bonus Policy In Ethnic Areas

As one of the important ecosystems,grassland has the function of preventing wind,fixing sand,and purifying air.However,since the 21 st century,China’s grassland has experienced varying degrees of ecological environment degradation.As a multi-ethnic country,many ethnic minorities live in grassland areas,accounting for 75% of the country’s grassland area,and the five major natural pastoral areas of China-Mongolia,Tibet,Xin,Qing and Long-are also located in ethnic areas.Accordingly,the ecological construction of grasslands is not only related to the protection of China’s natural environment and the sustainable development of pastoral areas,but is also closely related to the harmony and stability of ethnic areas.Since 2011,China has been implementing the grassland ecological protection subsidy and incentive policy in 13 major grassland provinces and regions,which is the most widely implemented and effectively managed grassland ecological compensation mechanism in China since decades.This study takes Alxa Left Banner in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as a case study to explore the current situation of the implementation of the grassland ecological protection compensation and incentive mechanism in ethnic areas,which shows that the implementation of the Alxa Left Banner grassland ecological protection subsidy and incentive policy is effective and the overall satisfaction of residents is high.The main factors affecting farmers and herdsmen’s satisfaction through single-factor correlation analysis were age,years of education,average annual household income,degree of willingness to participate in the policy,degree of understanding of the policy,degree of understanding of the compensation standard,and farmers and herdsmen’s satisfaction with the compensation standard,compensation process,staff,improvement of the ecological environment to raise living standards,and promotion of economic development in the pastoral areas.Secondly,through the method of ordered logistic regression analysis,it was found that among these influencing factors,satisfaction with the level of staff services and satisfaction with promoting economic development had a significant positive relationship with overall satisfaction.Therefore,based on the analysis of the causes,this article proposes to determine the compensation area,standards,and levels according to local conditions;Accelerate the construction of infrastructure and talent team;Strengthen the publicity and science popularization of grassland subsidy policies;Accelerating the transformation of the development mode of grassland animal husbandry industry;Establish a long-term mechanism for implementing grassland compensation policies;And improve the grassland compensation policy supervision and management system,with a view to providing reference for the further development of ecological construction in pastoral areas in local or similar ethnic areas.