Comparative Study On Agronomic Characters And Functional Components Of Different Color Jerusalem Artichoke

Jerusalem Artichoke had strong stress resistance and climate adaptability.It was a versatile crop which can be used in food,medicine,health care,energy,environmental governance and other different fields.Its variety was diverse,according to the tuber color can be divided into white Jerusalem Artichoke,red Jerusalem Artichoke and other different varieties.It was speculated that different Jerusalem Artichoke have different properties.In order to further explore the application value and prospect of Jerusalem Artichoke,this experiment introduced the nutritional value,feeding value and health care functions of Jerusalem Artichoke by studying the field growth characteristics,physicochemical properties,secondary metabolites of two species.In this experiment,a total of 8 plots were devided into 2 treatments with 4 replicates.Each plot area was 18 m~2,the specification was 3.0×6.0 m,and 60 plants(12 rows×5columns)were planted in each plot.There were obvious boundary barriers between the plots.The field agronomic Characters were recorded by multi-point sampling and yield measurement.The emergence rate,phenological period,plant height and stem diameter of the two varieties were recorded,and the organs were measured.To record the accumulation rate and distribution rule of substances in each organ every 10 days.After harvesting,the yield of tubers and the contents of conventional nutrients in tubers were determined.Extracting the polysaccharide in the tuber by the method of water extraction and alcohol precipitation,the physicochemical property including antioxidation,oil-bonding capacity,reducing sugar,soluble sugar,as well as the concentration of total sugar and polyphenol in two function molecular were determined.After freeze-drying,LC-MS method was used to measure and analyze the differences of secondary metabolites in the tuber of the two plants.The experimental results show that:1.The vegetative growth period lasted 127 days and the reproductive growth period lasted 46 days of the white Jerusalem Artichoke,while the red plants was 117 days and 56days.Compared with the two varieties,the vegetative growth period of white Jerusalem Artichoke was 10 days longer than red Jerusalem Artichoke,the current bud stage of white Jerusalem Artichoke was 10 days later than red Jerusalem Artichoke,the reproductive growth period of white Jerusalem Artichoke was 10 days shorter than red Jerusalem Artichoke.2.The material accumulation rate of stalks,leaves and tubers of white Jerusalem Artichoke was greater than red Jerusalem Artichoke in the whole phenological period,and the plant height and stem thickness value of white Jerusalem Artichoke were also greater than that of red Jerusalem Artichoke in the entire phenological period.Under the same conditions of weather,soil and planting area and density,the yield of the underground part in white Jerusalem Artichoke tubers was higher than red Jerusalem Artichoke.The aboveground biomass of white Jerusalem Artichoke is also greater than red Jerusalem Artichoke.In conclusion,white Jerusalem Artichoke has a higher yield than red Jerusalem Artichoke.3.In different phenological stages,the distribution of materials in different Jerusalem Artichoke bodies is very discrepancy.The weight ratio of root,stem and leaf in the early development of the two varieties occupies a larger proportion,and the flowers and tubers mainly in the later stage.The two Jerusalem Artichoke cultivars did not show significant differences between the same phenological periods(P>0.05).4.The polysaccharide composition of both Jerusalem Artichoke varieties was composed of galactose,glucose and fructose,and the white Jerusalem Artichoke mainly consisted of fructose(79.19%)and glucose(20.59%).The main components of red Jerusalem Artichoke were fructose(75.10%)and glucose(24.59%).RJA and WJA had strong antioxidant capacity and oil retention in vitro.The contents of total sugar,soluble sugar,reducing sugar and polyphenol of red Jerusalem Artichoke were higher than those of white Jerusalem Artichoke.5.There were 71 different metabolites in the two Jerusalem Artichokes,among which 55were up-regulated and 16 were down-regulated in red Jerusalem Artichoke.The up-regulated metabolites were mainly Alkaloids,phenolic acids,flavonoids,lignans,coumarins and other compounds,which plays a great role in antioxidant,free radical scavenging,anti-inflammatory and antibacterial,blood glucose and lipid regulation and so on.To sum up,the two varieties were inconsistent in some aspects.White Jerusalem Artichoke grew faster throughout the phenological period and has higher yield,while red Jerusalem Artichoke has more antioxidant and other active substances,which can play a greater role.Both varieties can provide great value in the field of living production.