| Ampelopsis grossedentata is a medicinal and edible liana,mainly distributed in southern China,mostly growing in valley forests or hillside shrubland.The plant has the characteristics of developed root system,rapid growth,strong adhesion ability,strong adaptability,high medicinal value and broad market prospects.Rocky desertification and soil erosion in karst areas are the most serious environmental problems,in addition to ecological,economic and social problems.There have been many studies on rocky desertification control,mainly including Huajiang model,Qinglong model and Bijie model in Guizhou,but there have been no research reports on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Ampelopsis grossedentata at home and abroad.There are many lianas in karst habitats,and Vitaceae Juss.plants survive,which provides the possibility for Ampelopsis grossedentata,a vine belonging to Vitaceae Juss.,to grow on karst habitats.Therefore,planting Ampelopsis grossedentata in karst habitats can not only control the ecological environment of karst desertification areas,but also provide certain value for local economic development.In this study,Ampelopsis grossedentata from Guangnan,Yunnan Province,with the same genetic background of good growth and high content of flavonoids in Guizhou,was selected as the experimental material,and cuttings and seed seedlings with different cultivation methods were selected for experiments,and the potted soil control method and natural cultivation method were used to make the plants planted in suitable soil and plants planted in karst soil located at the same site,and four sites were set up: mountain top,yang side mountainside,shade side mountainside and mountain foot.By measuring chlorophyll content(Chl),soluble sugar content(SS),free proline content(Pro),malondialdehyde content(MDA)and total flavonoid content(TFC),dihydromyricetin,myricitrin and myricetin content eight physiological and biochemical indexes.The physiological and biochemical indexes were comprehensively evaluated,and the adaptation mechanism of Ampelopsis grossedentata was preliminarily explored,which provided scientific basis for the large-scale promotion of Ampelopsis grossedentata planting in karst desertification areas.The main findings are as follows:(1)The experimental site of the College of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guizhou Province(106.63 E,26.38N)was suitable for Ampelopsis grossedentata growth at its altitude,and the soil calcium and magnesium plasma content met the criteria for karst karst and was much higher than that of the suitable soil,so it was used as the experimental sample site.Cuttings and seedlings derived from the same Ampelopsis grossedentata were planted on suitable and karstic soils(weak alkaline,high calcium,high magnesium,nutrient deficient)and the plants grew normally.(2)The cuttings and seedlings of Ampelopsis grossedentata showed consistent changes in the contents of physiological and biochemical indicators,both of which were smaller in chlorophyll and free proline content in karst soil plants than in the plants of suitable soil,and greater in soluble sugar,total flavonoid,dihydromyricetin,myricitein,and myricetin content of karst soil plants were greater than those of the arable soil plants,while malondialdehyde content did not change significantly.Under the karst environment,the cell membrane structure of plant leaves was damaged and the photosynthetic system was disrupted,resulting in a decrease in chlorophyll content,an increase in soluble sugar content,a cell regulatory substance,and a decrease in free proline content,which led to the regulation of plant growth.(3)Ampelopsis grossedentata’s main pharmacological component is total flavonoids,and when plants are subjected to drought stress,accumulation of flavonoids is induced.While dihydromyricetin,myricitein and myricetin are the main flavonoids in Ampelopsis grossedentata,the powerful free radical scavenging activity and antioxidant activity of flavonoids can protect the cells to slow down the external damage and maintain the normal growth of the plant.(4)Ampelopsis grossedentata showed a correlation between total flavonoid content and its physiological and biochemical indexes,and showed a highly significant negative correlation with chlorophyll with a correlation coefficient of 0.572(P<0.01),and with soluble sugar,free proline and malondialdehyde.The correlations were not significant.The results indicated that the content of total flavonoids in Ampelopsis grossedentata was influenced by the physiological and biochemical indicators of the plant.(5)The experimental site of Guizhou Normal University surveyed has three species of Vitaceae Juss plants,including Parthenocissus quin-quefolia(L.)Planch,Vitis flexuosa Thunb and Cayratia japonica(Thunb.)Gagnep.Both Shibing and Zhengfeng-Guanling in the light rock-desert area contain some Vitaceae Juss plants Parthenocissus quin-quefolia(L.)Planch,Vitis flexuosa Thunb and Cayratia japonica(Thunb.)Gagnep.The plant Ampelopsis grossedentata of Vitaceae Juss was planted on karst habitats.The soil indexes of the suitable soil and the experimental site of Guizhou Normal University were compared with those of Shiping and Zhenfeng-Guanling,and it was found that the soil indexes of Zhenfeng-Guanling were similar to those of the experimental site of Guizhou Normal University,indicating that the Ampelopsis grossedentata can be promoted in Zhenfeng-Guanling.(6)Ampelopsis grossedentata grows in all regions of southern China,but the plants in different regions are affected by the external environment,and their contents of medicinal components vary somewhat.It was found that Ampelopsis grossedentata dihydromyricetin content of Taiping in Guizhou,Ninghua Trough in Sanming,Fujian,Huangbu in Jianning,Yongxing in Jianlin,Hunan,Jinxiu in Guangxi,and Youyang in Chongqing was greater than 20%,which were excellent species,and the above plants could be selected as priority for the next step of cultivation and research. |
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