Effects Of Microbial Fertelizer On Growth And Quality Of Lingwuchangzao In Facility

Facility jujube has become an important production mode for sustainable development of fruit industry in northern Shaanxi.In this paper,the effects of microbial fertilizer(MF)on soil properties,jujube growth and jujube fruit quality were studied to clarify the optimal application amount of microbial fertilizer and provide guidance for the scientific and rational use of biological fertilizer in the production of Lingwuchangzao in northern Shaanxi.In a randomized block experiment,five treatments were set up,including conventional fertilization(CK),conventional fertilization+0.25 L MF(G1),conventional fertilization+0.5 L MF(G2),conventional fertilizer+0.75 L MF(G3)and conventional fertilizer+1 L MF(G4).The effects of different amountss of microbial fertelizer on soil physical and chemical properties,enzyme activities,microbial biomass,growth and fruit quality of Lingwuchangzao in facility were determined.The main results and conclusions are as follows:(1)The physical and chemical properties of facility soil were improved significantly by applying a certain amounts of microbial fertelizer.The effects of G3 and G4 treatments on bulk density and p H value of soil were significant(p<0.05),which decreased by 6.85%and8.10%,3.20%and 3.68%in 0～20 cm soil layer,respectively;G3 and G4 treatments increased the porosity of 0～20 cm soil by 12.27%and 12.80%respectively.The soil bulk density of each treatment was not significantly different from that of the control during the test period.The effects of G3 and G4 treatments on the contents of soil alkali hydrolytic nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter in the 0-20 cm layer during fruit expansion were significantly increased(p<0.05),which were 38.84%and39.73%,25.90%and 26.73%,30.52%and 32.36%,22.42%and 23.49%higher than those of the control,respectively.(2)Applying a certain amount of microbial fertilizer effectively increased soil enzyme activity and increased the number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil.The soil urease activity,nitrate reductase,alkaline protease,alkaline phosphatase and invertase activity of G3and G4 treatments were increased(p<0.05),compared with the control,it increased by 27.35%and 28.57%,21.32%and 22.34%,23.13%and 23.88%,42.26%and 45.24%,37.25%and38.52%,respectively.The activity of polyphenol oxidase in soil was significantly decreased by 21.33%and 21.92%compared with the control.The amount of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in G4 treatment increased significantly(p<0.05),which increased by43.34%and 77.81%respectively compared with the control.G3 and G4 treatments significantly increased the number of soil microbial bacteria and actinomycetes by 57.71%and 59.35%,25.75%and 29.33%respectively,compared with the control.(3)Applying a certain amount of microbial fertilizer significantly affected the growth of Lingwuchangzao.G3 and G4 treatments significantly increased the hanging length,leaf length and leaf width of Lingwuchangzao(p<0.05),which increased by 19.00%and 20.19%,28.51%and 28.92%,23.56%and 24.08%,respectively,compared with the control.G3 and G4 treatments had significant effects on the long diameter,short diameter and single fruit weight of Lingwuchangzao(p<0.05),which increased by 6.34%and 6.88%,11.28%and13.33%,13.93%and 16.39%respectively compared with the control.(4)Applying a certain amount of microbial fertilizer significantly affected the quality of Lingwuchangzao.The soluble sugar,soluble solids,soluble protein,vitamin C content and total polyphenols of Lingwuchangzao treated with G3 and G4 increased significantly(p<0.05),which increased by 11.21%and 12.78%,5.32%and 6.78%,9.10%and 18.18%,37.99%and 43.46%,9.10%and 12.12%,respectively,compared with the control.The free amino acids of arginine,threonine,proline,leucine,glutamic acid,glycine and histidine in the fruit of Lingwuchangzao treated with G3 and G4 increased significantly(p<0.05),which increased by 122.11%and 152.08%,133.20%and 140.53%,14.82%and 16.39%,21.24%and 24.65%,35.79%and 38.95%,27.59%and 31.04%,30.88%and 38.24%,respectively,compared with the control.(5)Based on the above research,it is shown that the application of a certain dose of microbial fertilizer can improve the soil properties of the facility,promote the growth of jujube trees and improve the quality of jujube fruits.Among them,G3 and G4 treatments had better effects,and the effects of the two treatments were similar,but G3 treatment was applied three times per acre per season,which could save about 200 yuan per acre per season than G4.From the perspective of reducing farmers’input costs,it is recommended to use the application amount of G3 treatment,that is,conventional fertilization+8.33 L microbial fertilizer/667 m~2 is appropriate.