Study On The Effect Of Cyberlindnera Jadinii In Production Of Raccoon Dogs (Nyctereutes Procyonoides)

In this study,the effects of Cyberlindnera jadinii on the growth performance,digestion and metabolism,serum indexes and intestinal microbiota of raccoon dogs(growing period and winter fur-growing period)were studied by feeding the diet with different levels of Cyberlindnera jadinii,and the application effect of Cyberlindnera jadinii in the production of raccoon dogs was clarified,which provided a theoretical basis and scientific basis for the reasonable addition of Cyberlindnera jadinii to the feed of raccoon dogs.Trial 1:Effects of Cyberlindnera jadinii on growth performance,nutrient utilization,blood indexes,and intestinal microbiota in growing raccoon dogs.Forty-five 60(±5)day-old male raccoon dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15raccoon dogs in each group.The control group(N group)was fed basal diet,and the experimental group added 1 mL/animal(L group)(1×10~9 CFU/mL)and 5mL/animal(H group)(5×10~9 CFU/mL)of Cyberlindnera jadinii to the basal diet,respectively.A 7-day pretest period preceded a formal test period of 58 days.The results showed that group L and group H increased the average daily weight gain and reduced the ratio of feed to weight(F/G)(P<0.05).The digestibility of ether extract and crude protein in the L group were improved,and the fecal nitrogen was reduced(P<0.05),nitrogen deposition and net protein utilization rate were improved in the L group and the H group(P<0.05),the serum AST,TG,IgA,IgG and SOD of the L group and the H group were higher than those in the N group(P<0.05),and the GSH-Px activity in the L group was higher than that in the N group(P<0.05).The results of gut bacteria showed that groups L and H reducedα-diversity(P<0.05).Groups L and H increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota,and decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroides(P<0.05);The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides(F/B)in Groups L and H was significantly higher than that of group N(P<0.05);group H significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria(P<0.05);group L and H increased the relative abundance of Megasphaera and Bifidobacterium,reducing the relative abundance of Prevotella(P<0.05);group H increased the relative abundance of Dialister,and decreased the relative abundance of Blautia and Agathobacter(P<0.05);intestinal fungal results showed the Chao 1 and ACE indices in group H were lower than those in group N(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Aspergillus and Talaromyces in groups L and H decreased(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Cladosporium in group H was significantly lower than that in group N(P<0.05).Trial 2:Effects of Cyberlindnera jadinii on growth performance,nutrient utilization,blood indexes,and intestinal microbiota in winter fur-growing raccoon dogs.Forty-five 135(±5)day-old male raccoon dogs were randomly divided into 3groups of 15 raccoon dogs in each group.The experimental design is the same as trial1.A 7-day pretest period preceded a formal test period of 30 days.The results showed that Cyberlindnera jadinii in groups L and H improved average daily gain(ADG)and decreased feed-to-weight ratio(F/G)(P<0.05).No significant difference was found in nutrient digestibility and nitrogen metabolism among the three groups(P>0.05).Compared with group N,serum glucose levels were lower in groups L and H(P<0.05).The levels of serum immunoglobulins A and G in group L were higher than those in the other two groups(P<0.05),and the levels of serum immunoglobulins A and M in group H were higher than those in group N(P<0.05).Supplementation with Cyberlindnera jadinii in groups L and H increased serum superoxide dismutase activity,and the total antioxidant capacity in group H increased compared with group N(P<0.05).The phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were dominant in raccoon dogs.The results of principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)showed that the composition of microbiota in the three groups changed significantly(P<0.05).The relative abundance of Campylobacterota was increased in the H group compared to the N and L groups(P<0.05).The relative abundance of Sarcina was increased in group L compared with the other two groups(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Subdoligranulum and Blautia were decreased in group H compared with the other two groups(P<0.05).Also,the relative abundance of Prevotella,Sutterella and Catenibacterium was higher in group L(P<0.05)compared with group H.In summary,under the conditions of this experiment,dietary supplementation with Cyberlindnera jadinii increased growth performance,serum immunity and antioxidant capacity of raccoon dogs(growing and winter fur-growing),and improve the nitrogen metabolism in growing raccoon dogs,but had no significant effect on the nutrient digestibility and nitrogen metabolism in winter fur-growing raccoon dogs.When the addition level was 1mL/animal,the digestibility of ether extract and crude protein in growing raccoon dogs.In addition,dietary supplementation with Cyberlindnera jadinii improved the intestinal microbiota of raccoon dogs during the growth period,increase the relative abundance of dominant bacteria,and reduce the relative abundance of intestinal harmful bacteria.Among the concentrations tested,1mL/animal was the most effective level of supplementation.Thus,Cyberlindnera jadinii has potential as an efficient antibiotic alternative in raccoon dog feed.