| Xinjiang had a variety of wheat production areas with different ecological types.In order to study the effects of different ecological areas on the yield formation and seed vigor of spring wheat,In this experiment,Xinchun 44,Xinchun 48,Xinchun 37,Xinchun 26 and Ningchun 16 were used as the test materials,which were planted in three ecological sites of Qitai,Mulei and Tacheng in northern Xinjiang.By measuring the SPAD value of spring wheat flag leaves,leaf area index,dry matter accumulation and transport,yield components and seed germination rate,germination index,vigor index,seedling traits and related enzyme activities.To clarify the formation mechanism of spring wheat yield and seed vigor in different ecological regions,to provide theoretical basis and technical reference for screening and production of high vigor seeds.The main findings of this experiment are as follows:1、There were significant differences in flag leaf SPAD value,leaf area index,grain filling rate,and dry matter accumulation and transport among spring wheat cultivars in different ecological zones.Among them,the SPAD value,leaf area index and dry matter accumulation of the flag leaves of spring wheat of each variety showed that Qitai was higher than that of Mulei,and the number of days required for each variety to reach the maximum grain filling rate,the maximum grain filling rate and the average rate in Mulai were lower than those of the other two places.The SPAD value and leaf area index of the flag leaves of Xinchun 37 in Qitai and Mulei were higher than other varieties,and showed higher dry matter transfer rate and grain contribution rate.The SPAD value,leaf area index and dry matter accumulation is higher than other varieties.2、The yield of different varieties is the highest in Qitai.Among them,the yield of Xinchun 37 and 1000-grain weight of Qitai are 4.45%,16.38%and 29.31%,39.34%higher than that of Mulei and Tacheng,and the yield of Xinchun 37 is 8556.01kg/hm~2;The yield of Xinchun 44 in Tacheng ecological area was the highest,4.12%～19.64%higher than that of other varieties.3、The germination rate,germination index and vigor index of Xinchun 48 are higher than other varieties,and its germination rate is as high as 94.67%.In addition,the dry and fresh weight,seedling length and root length of Xinchun 48 seedlings were higher in Qitai and Mulei,and the fresh and dry weight,seedling length and root length of Ningchun 16 in Tacheng were more advantageous;among the five varieties,Xinchun 37 had the lowest seed vigor,and its seed conductivity was 8.13%,26.25%,9.01%and 9.77%higher than that of other varieties,respectively.4、Seed of different spring wheat varieties in Qitai ecological areaα-Amylase activity,dehydrogenase activity and protein content were the highest,which were 11.21%～36.45%,5.80%～21.67%and 3.29%～9.32%higher than those of Mulei and Tacheng.Among the five cultivars,theα-Aamylase activity,dehydrogenase activity and protein content of the seeds of Xinchun 48 were the highest,which were 24.49%～70.73%,23.61%～64.81%,4.62%～8.73%higher than those of other cultivars,which was consistent with seed germination index and vigor index.Based on the laws of various indexes,it is suitable to plant Xinchun 37 to obtain high yield and Xinchun 48 to obtain high vigor seeds in Qitai ecological area;The ecological conditions in Tacheng were more favorable for the high yield of Xinchun 44,while the seed vigor of Ningchun 16 was higher;There is little precipitation in the Mulei ecological area,and the yield and seed vigor of spring wheat are not high due to the extreme weather. |
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