| Jujube tree is a warm tree species,but too high temperature cause jujube tree “coke”,falling flowers and fruits,and even greatly reduce production,Xinjiang,as one of the main producing areas of jujube,suffer from it seriously.High temperature on the influence of jujube flowering fruit mechanism is not clear,so in this study through the differences of‘Fucuimi’ and ‘Junzao’ of biological characteristics,phenology,flowering biology,fruit setting and fruit quality in Turpan and Yecheng different natural temperature,and in artificial simulate 45℃ high temperature,study the influence of high temperature stress on flower organs physiological characteristics of the two varieties,to explore the specific mechanism of high temperature stress on 3a two jujube varieties,to lay the theoretical foundation for jujube flowering high temperature defense strategy.The study results are as follows:(1)The secondary branches of two jujube varieties,jujube heads and jujube cranes in Turpan are basically greater than those in Yecheng,the leaf quality is not as good as that in Yecheng,the flower volume is less,and the structure of flower organs is smaller than that in Turpan,‘Junzao’ burns more than ‘Fucuimi’ leaves.The phenological period of ‘Fucuimi’ in both producing areas is earlier than that of ‘Junzao’,and the phenological period of the two varieties in Turpan is earlier,and the flowering period is shorter.(2)The pollen amount and pollen germination rate of ‘Fucuimi’ and ‘Junzao’ decreased significantly with the increase of natural temperature and the extension of the time,reaching the lowest level at 42℃ in Turpan.‘Fucuimi’ decline is significantly less than ‘Junzao’,in different field natural temperature pollinating two varieties,with the rise of the temperature,the pollen tube on the stigma germination gradually decreased,Turpan 42 ℃ reached the lowest,‘Junzao’ decline rate is significantly higher than ‘Fucuimi’,thus the high temperature on ‘Junzao’ flowering biological characteristics is greater than ‘Fucuimi’.(3)The 45 ℃ high temperature stress of potted plants of two varieties in artificial climate culture was found that the increase of the relative conductivity The relative conductivity of ‘Junzao’ is always higher than that of ‘Fucuimi’,which shows that the cell membrane permeability of ‘Fucuimi’ organs is more stable.The activity of POD,CAT and PPO showed an increasing trend with the extension of high temperature stress time,the POD,CAT activity of ‘Fucuimi’ is always greater than ‘Junzao’,This shows that the floral organs respond more quickly and violently to heat stress,which shows that the ‘Fucuimi’ organs respond more quickly and violently to heat stress(4)The fruit hanging ratio of ‘Fucuimi’ in the two producing areas is lower than that of‘Junzao’,that is,the fruit sitting rate of ‘Fucuimi’ is high.The fruit ratio of ‘Fucuimi’ in Turpan is 1.8 times that of Yecheng,and that of ‘Junzao’ in Turpan is 2.1 times that of Yecheng,indicating that the fruit is more affected by high temperature,and the quality of the two varieties in Turpan is better than that of Yecheng.To sum up,through the study of two varieties in two producing areas found Turpan flowering high temperature frequency lead to coke,falling flowers,fruit setting low,low yield,low leaf quality,less fruit to ensure sufficient supply of tree nutrients,can improve the quality of fruit,and can promote the growth of vegetative organs.Therefore,the fruit internal and external quality in Turpan is better than that of Yecheng,and the growth of vegetative organs is higher than that of Yecheng.Comparing the biological characteristics and flower organs of the two varieties,it is found that the flower organs of ‘Fucuimi’ are more heat resistant than‘Junzao’. |
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