Effects Of Different Origins And Processing And Storage Methods On The Quality And Antioxidant Activity Of Young Shoots Of Aralia Elata

Aralia elata is a deciduous small tree or shrub belonging to the Araliaceae family,is mainly distributed in Liaoning,Heilongjiang,Jilin,and other places.Its tender buds are commonly known as thorny tender buds and are often consumed as wild vegetables in the folk.The tender buds of A.elata in Liaodong have a unique flavor,rich in proteins,amino acids,fats,and saponins,and are known as the "King of Wild Vegetables".At present,research on wild vegetables mainly focuses on artificial cultivation,processing and storage,as well as development and utilization.The main research points are the analysis of nutritional components,as well as the extraction and purification of active ingredients such as flavonoids,saponins,and polysaccharides.Although studies have reported differences in the distribution of saponins,the active component of wild vegetable A.elata from different regions,there are few comparative studies on other qualities and active components of A.elata.Therefore,this article takes nine different production areas of A.elata from Hei,Ji,and Liao provinces as the research object,and compares and analyzes the effects of different production areas on the quality and antioxidant activity of A.elata shoots.Based on this,further research is conducted on the impact of different processing and storage methods on the quality of A.elata shoots,in order to provide scientific basis for the selection of production areas,standardized processing,and storage plan establishment of A.elata shoots in Liaodong.The main results of the study are as follows:1.There are significant differences in soil nutrients and nutrient composition,active ingredients,and antioxidant activity of young shoots of A.elata from different regions(P<0.05).The soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus content in S3 producing area is more abundant;There is a significant positive correlation between soil organic carbon and soluble sugar and crude fat;There is a significant positive correlation between soil total nitrogen and crude protein and total amino acids;The annual sunshine hours are significantly positively correlated with carbohydrates,saponins,total phenols,and total flavonoids;The annual average temperature and precipitation are significantly positively correlated with sodium,calcium,amino acids,and crude protein,while negatively correlated with manganese and magnesium;DPPH,fatty acids,crude protein,crude fat,and saponins are the main factors affecting the quality changes of young shoots of A.elata from different habitats;The evaluation index of nutrient substances in the young shoots of A.elata from S1 producing area is the highest;The active ingredients and antioxidant activity evaluation index of the young shoots of A.elata from S2 production area are the highest;The comprehensive ranking of various producing areas of A.elata shoots in Liaodong is S1>S9>S8>S7>S2>S3>S5=S6>S4.2.There were significant differences in the nutritional composition,active ingredients,and antioxidant activity of young shoots of A.elata under different packaging and storage temperatures(P<0.05).The percentage of unsaturated fat acids,total amino acids,carbohydrates,mineral elements,total phenols,total flavonoids,Aralia saponin X,DPPH free radical scavenging rate,ABTS free radical scavenging rate and FRAP value of A.elata buds preserved in aluminum foil bags were the highest;The proportion of saturated fatty acids,saponin V,and saponin A in the young shoots of A.elata stored in PET packaging were higher,and the nutritional composition,active ingredients,and antioxidant activity of the young shoots of A.elata stored at 4℃ were higher than those stored at 25℃.Therefore,low temperature storage at 4℃ and aluminum foil bag packaging are more suitable storage conditions for young shoots of A.elata in Liaodong.3.Different nutritional components and active ingredients are affected to varying degrees by heat treatment methods,but all show significant differences(P<0.05).The contents of K,Mg,Na,Zn,Cu,Fe,Mn,the proportion of unsaturated fat acids,carbohydrates and total amino acids in A.elata buds decreased significantly after three processing treatments;The total phenols,total flavonoids,DPPH free radical clearance rate,ABTS free radical clearance rate,and FRAP value of the young shoots of A.elata increased,while the saponin content significantly decreased.The antioxidant activity of the young shoots of A.elata treated with superheated steam was the highest.Therefore,it is recommended to use superheated steam treatment when consuming young shoots of A.elata.