| The demand of forage is going to be increasing along with speedy prosperity of animal husbandry,as well as The shortage of forage is becoming increasingly prominent.However,The low level of roughage development and utilization has led to this problem of insufficient forage,although Ningxia is rich in forest and grass resources.Upon the dissertation,the effects of regional forest and grass resources such as Caragana korshinskii,Echinochloa frumentacea,Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Lycium barbarum branche,grape vines on nutrient digestion,growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,slaughtering performance,meat quality,rumen development,internal environment and rumen microorganisms of Tan sheep wereintended to research.This paper aims to evaluate the feed value of different roughage,provide technical support for the development and efficient utilization of feed resources in Ningxia,and provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of the quality of Tan sheep.A total of 60 male beach sheep with similar health and physical condition(weight 18.85±2.01 Kg)were randomly divided into 6 groups,10 in each group,5 experimental groups adding 10%Caragana korshinskii(CK group),Echinochloa frumentacea(EE group),Glycyrrhiza uralensis(GU group),Lycium barbarum branche(LB group),grape vines(GV group)and 1 Control group for 70 days including 11 days of adaptation to the experimental condition and 59 days of data collection.The results of the study on nutrient digestion,growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of roughage sources on Tan sheep showed that:1)in terms of nutrient digestion,the digestibility of dry matter,organic matter and crude fiber were the lowest in the LB group,which was significantly different from that in the Control group and other experimental groups(P<0.05),the crude protein digestibility was the highest in the CK group and the EF group,and the crude protein digestibility in the Control group and the LB group was the lowest.The difference was significant(P<0.05),and the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was the highest in the CK group,which was 59.44%,which was significantly different compared with the Control group,EF group,GU group and LB group(P<0.05),followed by the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber in the GV group and GU group.It was significantly higher than that in the Control group and LB group(P<0.05),the digestibility rate of neutral washing and washing fiber in EF group was significantly higher than that in the LB group(P<0.05),and the digestibility rate of neutral washing fiber in LB group was the lowest,but the difference was not significant compared with that in the Control group(P>0.05).2)In terms of production performance,the average daily feed intake of LB group was the lowest,which was 1.30 kg,which was significantly lower than that of the Control group and other experimental groups(P<0.05);The average daily gain of the Control group and the EF group was the highest,290.00 g and 272.88 g,respectively,and the average daily gain of LB group was the lowest,227.33 g,with significant differences between the groups(P<0.05).3)In terms of serum biochemical indexes,the serum triglycerides of EF group were the highest,0.44 mmol·L-1,which was significantly different than that of GU group and GV group(P<0.05),but not significantly different from the Control group(P>0.05).LB group had the highest serum total cholesterol content,which was 1.75 mmol·L-1 was not significantly different from the Control group(P>0.05),but significantly higher than that in the CK group.EF group,GU group and GV group(P<0.05),and the serum total cholesterol content in EF group and GU group was the lowest.1.22 mmol·L-1 1.30 mmol·L-1,which was significantly different from the other groups(P<0.05).The results of the study on the slaughtering performance and meat quality of Tan sheep from roughage sources showed that:1)In terms of slaughtering performance,there was no significant difference between roughage sources and Tan sheep slaughtering performance;2)In terms of meat quality,the muscle cholesterol in the CK group was the lowest,44.28 mg·100g-1.which was significantly lower than that of the Control group and other experimental groups(P<0.05);The content of IMP was the highest in EF group,which was 412 mg·100g-1,which was significantly higher than that in the Control group,CK group and GU group(P<0.05),followed by LB group,which was 389 mg·100g-1,which was significantly higher than that in the CK group(P<0.05).The results of roughage on rumen development and rumen environment of Tan sheep were as follows:1)the thickness of the muscular layer in the GU group and the LB group was significantly lower than that in the Control group,CK group,EF group and GV group(P<0.05),and the villi length in the GV group was the highest.3903.08 μm,which was significantly different from the Control group and other experimental groups(P<0.05);the rumen papilla width in the vine group was the highest,which was 428,56 μm,which was higher than that in the Control group,CK group,EF group,The GU group was significantly different(P<0.05).followed by 368.56 μm in the LB group,which was not significantly different from the other groups(P>0.05).2)The rumen pH of GU group and LB group was significantly lower than that of Control group,CK group,EF group and GV group(P<0.05);the bacterial protein of LB group was significantly higher than that of CK group,EF group,GU group and GV group(P<0.05);the content of acetic acid and propionic acid in the CK group was the highest,significantly higher than that in the Control group and other experimental groups,and the content of acetic acid and propionic acid in the Control group was significantly higher than that in EF group,GU group,LB group and GV group.The contents of acetic acid and propionic acid in the GV group were significantly higher than those in EF group,GU group and LB group(P<0.05),while the Control group and CK group had the highest contents of isobutyric acid,butyric acid,valeric acid and isovaleric acid,which were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05).The results of roughage on the rumen microorganisms of Tan sheep showed that Bacteroidota and Firmicutes were the predominant phylum in the bacteria community of rumen.However.Phylum horizontal relative abundance were not influenced(P>0.05)by different roughage treatments.At the genus level,predominant bacteria were influenced by different roughage treatments.Prevotella was the predominant genus in the ruminal bacteria community of the Control,the EF group,the GU group and the LB group,whereas Prevotella and Selenomonas were the more common phylum in the CK group,Prevotella,Methanobrevibacter,Lachnospiraceae_ND3007_group and Prevotellaceae_YAB2003_group were the more common phylum in the GV group.Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 relative abundance in the LB group were the highest,followed by the GV group,which were significantly higher than the lowest Control group,and the LB group were also significantly higher than those in the CK group and the EF group(P<0.05).However,the relative abundance of Succiniclasticum in the Control group and the CK group was significantly higher than that in other treatments(P<0.05).In summary,different roughage has a certain impact on the nutritional digestion,growth performance,blood glucose and lipid metabolism,meat quality,rumen development,rumen environment and rumen microorganisms of Tan sheep,among which,the addition of Caragana korshinskii reduces the cholesterol content in the muscles to a certain extent,promotes rumen fermentation,Glycyrrhiza uralensis improves the utilization rate of fat in Tan sheep,the addition of Echinochloa frumentacea and Lycium barbarum branches also improves the umami taste of mutton,and the grape vine enters the development of the rumen.However,the addition of Lycium barbarum branches reduced the nutrient digestibility and growth performance of Tan sheep.Therefore,Caragana korshinskii,Echinochloa frumentacea,Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Lycium barbarum branches and grape vines can alleviate the problem caused by insufficient roughage sources,but the lack of some roughage in the production performance of Tan sheep should also be considered in production applications. |
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