Screening And Optimizing Fertilization Management Of Silage Maize Varieties In Eastern Inner Mongolia

This article in view of the eastern area of Inner Mongolia agriculture herdsman in silage corn varieties choice blindness and fertilizer rate exists in the planting technology,methods,extensive and fertilizer use efficiency low,by conducting field trials of silage corn varieties optimization in the first place,then the optimization of the silage corn varieties to optimize NPK fertilization management,To explore the effects of silage corn variety optimization and fertilization management on silage corn yield,fertilizer utilization rate and cost and income,verify the feasibility of silage corn variety optimization and fertilization management,and preliminarily form the optimal fertilizer management method suitable for this region,mainly obtained the following research results:(1)A variety selection test was carried out on 13 commonly used silage corn varieties.Through measuring the agronomic characters and yield of each variety,a comprehensive evaluation was made on each silage corn variety,and the variety with better comprehensive performance was screened out.The results showed that Jinling 17,Beinong 208,Dajing jiu26 and Yuqingzhu23 had better performances in all aspects,and it was suggested to promote planting in this area.(2)The nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents absorbed by Jinling 17,Beinong208 and Yuqingzhu 23,three preferred silage maize varieties,were found out through the experiment of optimal fertilization management.The nitrogen and nutrient absorption of silage maize was between 2.5 and 2.9 kg per thousands of kilograms fresh weight.The absorption of phosphorus was between 1.1 and 1.6 kg,and that of potassium was between3.9 and 4.5 kg.(3)Compared with the traditional fertilization treatment,the yield of the three varieties increased by 2.9%～4.35%,3.12%～4.75% and 3.10%～4.68%,respectively.Nitrogen use efficiency increased by 30.4%-163.6%,phosphorus use efficiency increased by 85%-655.6%.The utilization rate of potassium fertilizer increased by24.7%～925%.The results showed that the net income per hectare of the three varieties could be increased by 16.1%,15.3% and 17.1% by optimizing fertilization in 2019.In2020,the three varieties could increase net returns per hectare by 12.2%,14.8% and 16.1%,respectively.Based on the above results,it was found that variety selection and nutrient optimization management could increase crop yield,improve fertilizer utilization efficiency and reduce planting cost while increasing income.The results of this study have important theoretical and practical value for local silage corn planting management.