| The northern pastoral area experiences a cold season of up to 7 months every year.During this period,most of the ewes in the pastoral area are in pregnancy.The energy intake of the ewes in this period should not only maintain their own needs,but also ensure the energy needs of the ewes under the conditions of growth,grazing,wandering and embryo supply.The most important thing is that the ewes also need to resist the external cold environment to ensure that the body is maintained in a stable state.The huge energy consumption and the inability of grazing ewes to absorb enough energy in spring and winter lead to the fact that the energy in ewes often cannot make ends meet,resulting in the loss of fat and weight of ewes,and ultimately affecting the economic benefits of herdsmen.In this experiment,the pregnant ewes of Mongolian sheep were taken as the research object,and the effects of different feeding and management modes in winter on the weight gain,serum biochemical indexes,serum endocrine indexes,serum metabolism related enzymes,plasma metabolism and rumen metabolism of pregnant ewes of Mongolian sheep were explored,which provided a theoretical basis for the low-energy feeding of ewes in spring and winter festival in northern pastoral areas,and laid a foundation for the popularization and application of sheep houses in solar greenhouses.The contents of the experiment are as follows: 1.60 pregnant ewes of Mongolian sheep in good condition with an average weight of(55.46 ± 5.74)kg were randomly divided into two groups: grazing supplementary feeding group(GS group)and low-energy house feeding group(LH group),with 30 sheep in each group.2.The GS group was fed according to the traditional feeding mode of herdsmen,and was confined to the common enclosure after supplementary feeding.The LH group was fed in an ordinary enclosure all the way,and 0.8 kg corn silage,0.85 kg shredded straw and 0.15 kg concentrate were fed every morning and evening.The results showed that:(1)Low energy house feeding in winter could reduce the weight loss of pregnant ewes(P>0.05),and the feeding cost of LH group was 35.26% less than that of GS group.(2)The contents of free fatty acids and lipoprotein esterase in serum of LH group decreased significantly(P<0.01),and had no significant effect on other serum biochemical,endocrine and metabolic related enzymes.(3)A total of 36 different metabolites were screened from the rumen fluid of pregnant ewes in GS group and LH group.Through KEGG function annotation and enrichment analysis,five metabolic pathways with significant enrichment of different metabolites were screened,including tryptophan metabolism,unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis,phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis,phenylalanine metabolism and aminoacyl t RNA biosynthesis,The above metabolic pathways are related to the lipid metabolism of ewes,indicating that low-energy house feeding in winter can promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients in feed,reduce the consumption of energy and fat,and contribute to the fat synthesis of ewes.2.Sixty pregnant ewes of Mongolian sheep in good condition with an average weight of(54.35 ± 5.25)kg were randomly divided into two groups: low-energy house feeding group(LH group)and solar greenhouse house feeding group(WH group),with 30 sheep in each group.The LH group and wh group were fed in the whole course,the LH group ewe pen was an ordinary sheep house,and the wh group ewe pen was a sunlight greenhouse sheep house.The ewes of the two groups were fed 0.8 kg corn silage,0.85 kg shredded straw and 0.15 kg concentrate every morning and evening.The results showed that:(1)the shed feeding in solar greenhouse could provide suitable temperature for ewes and significantly increase the average antepartum weight of ewes(P<0.01).(2)The contents of bun and IGF-I in serum of pregnant ewes in wh group decreased significantly(P<0.01),and had no significant effect on other serum biochemical,endocrine and metabolic related enzymes.(3)A total of 11 different metabolites were screened from the plasma of pregnant ewes in LH group and wh group.Two metabolic pathways with significant enrichment of different metabolites were screened through KEGG function annotation and enrichment analysis,including tryptophan metabolism and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.(4)A total of 12 different metabolites were screened from the rumen fluid of pregnant ewes in LH group and wh group.Through KEGG function annotation and enrichment analysis,three metabolic pathways with significant enrichment of different metabolites were screened,including purine metabolism,vitamin B6 metabolism and tryptophan metabolism.In conclusion,the low-energy house feeding in the sunlight greenhouse can improve the growth performance of Mongolian ewes by improving the lipid related metabolism of pregnant ewes,reduce the energy loss caused by grazing and cold stress in winter,and thus reduce the feeding cost of ewes in spring and winter festivals. |
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