Epidemiological Investigation Of Vaginal Myiasis In Bactrian Camel And Study On The Therapeutic Effect Of External Ointment

Vaginal myiasis is a common ectoparasitosis of Bactrian camel,which causes serious damage to female reproductive tract,affects normal reproductive process and production performance of female camel,and even endangers life,and brings serious economic losses to camel breeding industry.This study was conducted to further investigate the prevalence of vaginal myiasis in the main production areas of bactrian camel,and to find more effective control methods.First of all,Alxa Left Banner,Durbed Banner and Urad North Banner,where the distribution of camels was relatively concentrated,were selected as the three experimental areas for the epidemiological investigation of vaginal myiasis in Bactrian camel by filling out electronic questionnaires online and on-the-spot investigation on the infection situation,and the infection degree,age,fetus number,feeding method and feeding environment of the diseased camels were recorded and analyzed in detail.Secondly,morphological observation and identification were carried out on the collected larvae in each developmental period,and artificial eclosion was conducted on the third-stage larvae to observe the characteristic structural characteristics of adult flies and identify them.Thirdly,the infected camels with different degrees of infection were grouped and administered with the external ointment for vaginal myiasis of bactrian camel developed by our laboratory,for the comparative study of its prevention and treatment effects.The results showed that the average infection rate of Bactrian camel vaginal myiasis in three experimental areas was 26.6%.The average infection rates of camels in Alxa Left Banner,Durbed Banner and Urad North Banner were 28.0%,23.7% and 23.8%respectively,and no death cases were found.In addition,the proportion of moderate and severe infection was higher than that of mild infection.The infection rate in free-range female camels was higher than that in half-house-raised camels,and the infection rates was lowest in fully-housed female camels.The infection rate of camels near natural water source was higher than that in gobi area.The infection rate of camels over 5 years old is higher than that of camels under 5 years old,reaching 89.9 %.The infection rate of female camels after 2-3 parities is higher than other camel,up to 48.1%.The collected larvae were observed under the stereoscopic microscope with the structures of pseudoscolex,thorax,abdomen and anus.There is a pair of mouth hooks on the pseudoscolex,and stage I larvae have labrum structure between the two hooks.On the surface of each segment of the larva there are hard spines with different number and arrangement.The adult flies with artificial eclosion were observed under the stereoscopic microscope with a body length of9-13 mm and relatively dark color.Bucca height is greater than half of eye height,and occiput expands backwards.Antennae were slightly shorter,the length of the third section was about 1.5 times that of the second section,and there were arista at the base of the third section.The back of the abdomen has "water drop" like spots.The adult flies were identified as W.magnifica.128 infected camels were selected for the treatment test.Mild infection,moderate infection and severe infection were 57,42 and 29,respectively.Mildly infected camels have a good effect after one-time drug treatment,and there is no recurrence.And moderate and severe camel infection require repeated administration and intensive care to be completely cured.At the same time,the ointment has a strong driving effect on W.magnifica and a killing effect on the larvae.The ointment was nonirritating to healthy tissues and slightly irritating to damaged tissues,and less irritating than other insecticidal products.In short,the average infection rate of Bactrian camel vaginal myiasis was 26.6%,and the infection rate was affected by the feeding method,grassland type and parity.The pathogen of Bactrian camel vaginal myiasis was identified as W.magnifica.The Bactrian camel vaginal myiasis external ointment has good treatment effect,has a definite killing effect on myiasis,and has low irritation to wounds.This ointment can be used for clinical prevention and treatment of camel vaginal myiasis.