Preparation Of The Porous Carbon-based Seed Partner And Its Application In Oilseed Rape Production

The problems of pests and weeds encountered in the agriculture are highly dependent on pesticides,which can recover losses every year.In terms of improving agricultural productivity,pesticides are indispensable in agricultural production.However,pesticides are becoming a threat.The development of high-efficiency and low-toxic pesticide formulations can effectively reduce the threat of pesticides to the environment.In this paper,the porous carbon obtained by pyrolysis of cigarette butts and sodium alginate are used as the carriers of the fungicide UNI and the insecticide TMT to prepare the seed partner,which was applied in the field trial.The conclusions are as follows:1.Using cigarette butt as raw material and KOH as activator,the porous carbon material is prepared at 800℃.The structures were characterized by SEM and BET,and the adsorption performance was evaluated by the adsorption experiment.The results show that the specific surface area of the KOH-modified porous carbon is as high as 2543 m²/g,and the pore volume is 0.60 cm³/g.The loadings of the fungicide UNI and the insecticide TMT were 182 mg/g and 202 mg/g,respectively.2.Single factor experiments were carried out around the three factors of seed partner loading and encapsulation rate,mechanical strength of seed partner and release behavior of seed partner,and the release kinetics were fitted to the results of the simulated release experiment.The results showed that the concentration of SA and Ca Cl₂had a great influence on the structure of seed partner in terms of loading and encapsulation efficiency.2%SA and 2%Ca Cl₂were selected.The solution can achieve high loading and encapsulation efficiency at the same time.For the mechanical strength of the seed partner,the experiment confirmed that the insertion of porous carbon can effectively improve the mechanical strength of the seed partner.Compared with the seed partner without porous carbon,the mechanical strength can be increased by 1.7 times,which improves the sustained and controlled release of sodium alginate.The system is fragile and fragile.For the release behavior of seed partner,the release time of seed partner was prolonged as the mass ratio of sodium alginate to porous carbon decreased.The mass ratio of SA to KFPC is reduced from 4:6 to 3:7,and the cumulative drug release within 60 days can be reduced by about 53%.The fitting results of the release kinetics showed that the drug release process of UNI-seed partners was controlled by two mechanisms,non-Fick diffusion and matrix erosion,while the drug release process of TMT-seed partners was controlled by two mechanisms:dissolution and Fick diffusion.3.The effects of seed partners on the seedling rate,the length and fresh/dry weight,the chlorophyll SPAD of the leaves and yield of oilseed rape were explored through field experiments.The results showed that the TBM-seed partner could promote the seedling of oilseed rape seeds at low concentrations,and also promoted the growth of the oilseed rape that could reach 40%,but reduced the chlorophyll SPAD of oilseed rape leaves decreased by 9.2%.The UNI-seed partner has a slight inhibitory effect on the seedling rate,and there is a phytotoxic phenomenon in the early growth of oilseed rape,and only a low concentration can promote the increase of chlorophyll within an increase of 22.7%.The NAA-seed partner had no effect on the seedling rate,and there was phytotoxicity in the early growth of oilseed rape,but it played an effective role in increasing the chlorophyll SPAD of the leaves of Huayouza 62 oilseed rape.The TMT-seed partner had no effect on the seedling rate,and there was phytotoxicity in the early growth of oilseed rape,but at the same time,the chlorophyll SPAD of the oilseed rape leaves was increased by 14.3%,20.9%respectively in the early growth.It can also increase the flexural resistance of rape stalks,with an increase of 1.8 times and 4.4 times,respectively.The highest yield of rapeseed was 150%for the NAA-seed partner,but only 9.3%for the TMT-seed partner.