| China has a large planting area of tall stalk crops,and the development of plant protection machine in high gap has played an important role in solving the problem of pesticide use of tall stalk crops,and made a contribution to China’s food security.At present,there are many kinds of high-gap plant protection machines in China,but the mechanical function is single and the work efficiency is low.At the same time,because there are many slope plants in China,the high-gap plant protection machines can’t carry out slope operation because of their high centroid,which is not conducive to the promotion of high-gap plant protection machines.In this paper,taking corn planting in Northeast China as an example,in order to solve the power shortage of high gap plant protection machine,enhance the steering flexibility and reduce the risk of tilting,a walking system and longitudinal stability system of high gap plant protection machine are designed,which is of great significance for promoting the innovation of agricultural machinery technology.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Overall scheme formulation.Through field experiments in Gongzhuling City,the row spacing and height of corn were measured,and the limit value of the width of the transmission box of the plant protection machine was determined to be 600 mm,and the ground clearance of the plant protection machine with high clearance was2000 mm;The range of turning radius is preliminarily determined to be 1.5 m～6 m;By referring to the literature of slope planting height in Northeast China and sorting out the reference data,it is preliminarily determined that the adjustment range of longitudinal stability system angle is greater than 25;According to the parameters,the design scheme of the whole machine is made,and the virtual prototype of the high gap plant protection machine is established by Solid Works2020.(2)Analysis and design of walking system.According to the formulation of the overall plan of the plant protection machine,the transmission mechanism adopts two-stage double-row chain transmission,and the steering mechanism adopts both two-wheel steering and four-wheel steering mode.The theoretical analysis and related dynamic analysis and calculation of the steering mechanism and the transmission mechanism are carried out respectively,and the corresponding performance parameters are obtained.The key components such as the transmission shaft,transmission box,steering rod and diamond-shaped reversing piece are simulated by using ANSYS Workbench software,and the rationality of the structural design of the key components is analyzed.(3)Analysis and design of longitudinal stability system.According to the working requirements of high clearance plant protection machine,the strategy of longitudinal stability is determined,the limit angle of longitudinal system is analyzed theoretically,the hydraulic system is designed,and the lifting mechanism of stable system is designed.The lifting mechanism is simulated and analyzed by ANSYS Workbench,and the rationality of the lifting mechanism design is analyzed.The control part of the stabilization system is designed,including the hardware and software of the control system.The hardware part mainly includes the selection of main components and the circuit design of key parts,and the software part includes the programming.(4)Perform performance test on the prototype.Carry out field tests at different times to verify the walking system,mainly including turning performance test,climbing performance test,ridge crossing performance test and extricating from difficulties performance test;The performance of the control system is verified by making a bench prototype and placing the prototype on different slopes,calibrating the sensors and setting the system parameters,obtaining data and recording.Finally,the test results of walking system and longitudinal stability system are analyzed to verify the rationality of the design. |
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