Effects Of Ecological Planting And Cultivation On Greenhouse Gases And Soil Fertility Under No-tillage Cultivation

In order to clarify the effects of no-tillage and no-tillage breeding of ducks and fish farming in double-cropping rice fields on CH₄ and N₂O emissions,soil fertility,understand the greenhouse gas emissions of paddy fields from no-tillage farming and Soil fertility,this study sets up wide ridge cultivation with no-tillage duck raising（W-RD）,wide ridge cultivation with no-tillage fish farming（W-RF）,wide ridge cultivation with no-tillage control check（W-CK）,Flatten plowing planting rice-duck farming（F-RD）,Flatten plowing planting Rice-fish farming（F-RF）and Flatten plowing planting control check（F-CK）were used for field comparison experiments.A study on the changes of greenhouse gases and soil fertility of various treatments was carried out to explore the influence of"ecological planting and breeding under compartmental cultivation and no-tillage"on greenhouse gas emissions and the formation of soil fertility.The results are as follows:（1）The results of this research show that:The results showed the CH₄cumulative emissions of early rice were the most emitted in the late tillering stage to booting stage,the cumulative CH₄ emissions of late rice were mainly concentrated in the re-greening stage to late tillering stage,and the CH₄ emissions of early rice accounted for 61.60%to 77.00%of the annual emissions.The N₂O cumulative emissions of early rice and late rice were the highest at the late tillering stage to booting stage,the highest annual N₂O cumulative emissions of W-CK was 7.85 kg·hm^-2 and the lowest of F-RF was 2.64 kg·hm^-2,which has remarkable differences.The annual N₂O emission equivalent CO₂ quality of wide ridge cultivation was significantly higher than that of flatten plowing planting,and both of them were significantly lower than the CK treatment.According to the analysis of GWP,we found F-CK showed both the highest total GWP and total GHGI of double-cropping rice with the total GWP is 25258.08 kg·hm^-2 and the total GHGI is 4501.41 kg CO₂ e·kg^-1,and W-RF was the lowest with the total GWP is 14819.94 kg·hm^-2and the total GHGI is 2232.83 kg CO₂e·kg^-1.The total GWP and GHGI of W-RF were lower than F-CK by 41.33%and 48.40%respectively with significant differences.（2）The effect on the total nutrients of the soil that the various treatments of box cultivation and RF treatment can increase the total nutrient content of the soil,and the effect of RD treatment on the total nutrient content of the soil needs further study.After the harvest of late rice season in 2020,the total nitrogen content of soil in Zhongzao 39 and C Liangyou191 was the highest in W-RF treatment,which were 1.79 g·kg^-1 and 1.56 g·kg^-1,respectively.The soil total nitrogen content is RF>RD>CK;the highest soil total phosphorus content of Zhongzao 39 in W-RD and W-RF treatments is 0.61 g·kg^-1 and 0.56g·kg^-1,respectively,which is significantly higher than the others Treatment,C Liangyou 191soil total phosphorus content in box cultivation,the total phosphorus content of soil in each treatment is higher than that in plain cultivation,the total phosphorus content of soil in W-RD,W-CK,and W-RF treatment is 0.60 g·kg^-1,respectively,0.58 g·kg^-1,0.65 g·kg^-1,corresponding to F-RD,F-CK,F-RF treatments increased by 39.53%,31.82%,25.00%,and all reached significant differences.In the cultivation treatments,RF treatment was the highest;the total potassium content of soil in Zhongzao 39 and C Liangyou 191 was lowest in F-RD treatment,which were 6.87 g·kg^-1 and 6.66 g·kg^-1,respectively.（3）In terms of soil available nutrients that the various treatments and RF treatments of box cultivation can increase the content of soil available nutrients.The soil available phosphorus content of Zhongzao 39 and C Liangyou 191 was the highest in the F-RF treatment,which were 161.47 mg·kg^-1 and 166.25 mg·kg^-1;the content of available phosphorus in the soil of Zhongzao 39 was W-RD,W-CK and W-RF treatments were 20.36mg·kg^-1,24.83 mg·kg^-1,24.12 mg·kg^-1,corresponding to F-RD,F-CK,and F-RF treatments increased by 4.20%,25.98%,23.06%,C Liangyou 191 W-RF treatment soil available phosphorus content was 27.07 mg·kg^-1,significantly higher than other treatments;Zhongzao39 soil available potassium content W-RD,W-CK,W-RF treatment were respectively 48.81mg·kg^-1,59.74 mg·kg^-1,47.13 mg·kg^-1,corresponding to F-RD,F-CK,F-RF treatments increased by 24.96%,66.50%,32.61%,and all reached significance The difference,C Liangyou 191 soil available potassium content W-RD,W-CK,W-RF treatment were 51.28mg·kg^-1,55.04 mg·kg^-1,52.64 mg·kg^-1,corresponding to F-RD,F-CK and F-RF treatments increased 45.81%,91.24%,79.60%,respectively,and both reached significant differences.（4）In terms of soil organic matter that RF treatment increased the soil organic matter content,but lowered the soil p H.After the harvest of late rice in 2020,the soil organic matter content in the middle-early 39 W-RF treatment was the highest,which was 17.69 g·kg^-1,which was significantly higher than that of the W-CK and F-RF treatments by 12.03%and9.88%;C Liangyou 191 The content of soil organic matter was highest in F-RF and W-RF,which were 17.21 g·kg^-1 and 16.80 g·kg^-1,respectively,which were significantly higher than other treatments;the soil p H of Zhongzao 39 and C Liangyou 191 were both based on W-RF The treatments were the lowest,6.09 and 6.19 respectively,which were significantly lower than other treatments,and all treatments of flat cropping were overall higher than box cropping.To sum up,compared with other treatments,the no-tillage fish farming mode（W-RF）with rice compartment cultivation in 2019 and 2020 can not only ensure high rice yield,but also reduce the global warming potential（GWP）and greenhouse gas emission intensity.（GHGI）;each treatment of box cultivation,RF treatment can improve soil fertility,RF treatment increases soil organic matter content,but reduces soil p H.