Mechanism Of Resveratrol On Growth Performance And Gut Health Of Oxidatively Stressed Piglets

The purpose of this experiment was to investigated the effects of dietary resveratrol(RES)supplementation on growth performance,intestinal mucosal barrier function,gut microbiota and metabolites in piglets with diquat(Diquat,DIQ)-induced oxidative stress.Thirty 28-day-old ternary hybrid(Duroc × Landrace × Yorksire)weaned piglets with good health status and similar parity were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups.The diets were supplemented with 0 mg/kg(DIQ group),10 mg/kg(RES-10 group),30mg/kg(RES-30 group),90 mg/kg RES(RES-90 group),6 replicates in each group,1piglet per replicate.The experimental period was 21 d.On the 15 th day of the experiment,the piglets in the experimental group were intraperitoneally injected with DIQ at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW to establish an oxidative stress model,and the control group was injected with the same dose of sterile saline.The results are as follows:Before DIQ stress,RES supplementation in the diet had no effect on average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI)and feed-to-weight ratio(F/G)of piglets(P > 0.05);the fecal score of piglets in the RES group showed a decreasing trend(P =0.052).After DIQ stress,the ADG and ADFI of piglets in the DIQ group were significantly decreased,the F/G and fecal scores were significantly increased(P < 0.05).Compared with the DIQ group,the ADG and ADFI of the piglets in the RES-30 or RES-90 group were significantly increased,and the F/G and fecal scores of the piglets in the RES-90 group were significantly lower than those in the DIQ group(P < 0.05),and compared with the CON group,F/G and stool scores were not significantly different(P > 0.05).Under the oxidative stress,compared with DIQ group,supplementation with 90mg/kg RES significantly increased piglets’ serum T-AOC,SOD and GSH-Px activities,IL-4 concentration,and significantly decreased serum MDA content,ATCH concentration and the contents of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β(P < 0.05),while the serum Ig M and Ig A levels were not significantly different between the CON group and the RES treatment groups(P > 0.05).Moreover,addition of 90 mg/kg RES significantly increased the jejunal and ileal villus height and chorionic to gland ratio(V/C),the activities of GSH-Px,SOD in ileal mucosa,the CAT activity in jejunal mucosa,and the content of IL-10 in jejunal and ileal mucosa compare with the DIQ group.Ileal crypt depth,MDA content,IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-6 gene expression levels were significantly decreased(P <0.05)in the RES-90 group.In addition,compared with the DIQ group,the relative gene expressions of ZO-1,Occludin and Claudin1 in the jejunal and ileal mucosa of the piglets in the RES-90 group were significantly increased,and the protein expression of ZO-1 in the jejunal mucosa of the piglets was also significantly increased(P < 0.05).Besides,the relative gene expressions of Nrf2,HO-1,NQO1,Ah R and CYP1A1 in the jejunal mucosa and the protein expressions of Nrf2,NQO1,Ah R and CYP1A1 were significantly up-regulated in the RES-90 group than DIQ group(P < 0.05).By 16 S r DNA and non-targeted metabolomic analysis,it was found that dietary supplementation of 90 mg/kg RES significantly decreased the relative abundance of phyml level Firmicutes,Actinobacteria and genus level Ruminococcaceae UCG-005,Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group;increased the genus level relative abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1 and Lachnospiraceae unclassified in the colonic of piglets;up-regulated metabolites such as indole,5-hydroxyindole,indole-3-carbinol,5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid,uridine;association analysis demonstrated that most of bacterias of the genus levels highly correlated with colon-associated metabolite abundances.In conclusion,these datas indicated that supplementation with 90 mg/kg RES can significantly improve the growth performance of piglets with oxidative stress.RES can improve the morphological structure of the jejunum and ileum mucosa of piglets,increase the expression of tight junction proteins,reduce intestinal permeability,and improve the intestinal antioxidant ability,inhibit the occurrence of intestinal inflammation to alleviate intestinal mucosal barrier damage.In addition,RES alleviation of oxidative stress in piglets may be related to the activation of Nrf2/Ah R signaling pathway and the regulation of gut microbiota composition and abundance.