| Tomatoes(Solanum lycopersicum)originated in the southern half of America.Tomatoes are rich in vitamin C,carotenoids and phenolic compounds and can be eaten fresh,fried and processed into tomato sauce and tomato juice.Different tomato varieties have different appearance,color,fruit,disease resistance and other comprehensive traits.Different tomatoes contain different sugar and acid ratio,phenolic organic matter content and so on.They are one of the most popular vegetables among consumers at present.Tomato industry in many countries has developed to a certain extent,and China is also one of the largest tomato producers and consumers in the world.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the comprehensive characters and quality of different tomato.In this study,24 different varieties of tomatoes were compared in appearance quality and internal quality,and the tomatoes with high soluble solids,sugar and acid content,vitamin C content and strong disease resistance were analyzed as high quality tomatoes,and the tomatoes with poor indexes were ordinary tomatoes.Then,the composition and content of sugars,organic acids and phenols were analyzed respectively for the selected high-quality tomatoes and ordinary tomatoes,so as to explore whether there is a certain correlation between the field comprehensive trait excellence and the intrinsic quality excellence.Through this study,the two tomato varieties with the best quality among 24 tomato varieties were obtained.In this study,24 representative tomato varieties were selected as experimental objects,and appropriate field planting methods were adopted to conduct comparative experiments on24 tomato varieties.By measuring plant height,stem diameter,node position of initial flower,fruit number of first inflorescence and other botanical characteristics of different tomato varieties at different growth and development stages,In fruit maturation of fruit diameter,vertical diameter,single fruit weight,fruit hardness,such as fruit appearance quality,and statistical quality of different varieties of tomato fruit shape,fruit weight,yield and other commercial index,at the same time to 24 the disease resistance of tomato varieties,soluble total sugar,organic acid,vitamin C,soluble solids and other physiological and biochemical indexes were determined,Suantianguo739 and Youzhi 5 were high quality varieties,Yinfen 8 and Zhongza 15 were common varieties.In this study,we selected Suantianguo 739 and Youzhi 5 and Yinfen 8 and Zhongza 15as the research objects,and adopted high performance gas chromatography technology to detect the content of sugar and organic acid in ordinary tomato and high quality tomato fruits,and preliminarily concluded that they were the nutritional characteristics of fruits common to both high quality tomato and ordinary tomato.The glucose content of Suantianguo 739 was the highest(47.39±1.94 mg/g),the Yinfen 8 was the lowest(31.37±2.11 mg/g).The fructose content of Suantianguo 739 was the highest(44.81±1.42mg/g),and that of Yinfen 8 was the lowest(33.27±1.75 mg/g).The main organic acids in tomato were citric acid and malic acid.The content of malic acid in Suantianguo 739 was the highest(0.82±0.05 mg/g),and the content of malic acid in Yinfen 8 was the lowest(0.45±0.03 mg/g).The content of citric acid in Youzhi 5 was the highest(1.52±0.07 mg/g),and that in Yinfen 8 was the lowest(1.04±0.09 mg/g).The content of sugar and organic acid of high quality tomato is higher than that of ordinary tomato.In order to further study influence of tomato quality and flavor of the material content and variety,especially phenolics what decides the tomato varieties of nutrients,this study by using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology for high quality tomato and ordinary tomato typical phenolics were identified and quantitative analysis,get the material charge ratio,retention time,the secondary mapping and other related information,Then,eight main phenolic acid secondary metabolites were detected in high-quality tomatoes,which were rutin,gentianic acid,protocatechuic acid,caffeic acid,p-coumaric acid,chlorogenic acid,ferulic acid and pomelingin.The content of protocatechuic acid Youzhi 5 in high-quality tomatoes was the highest(0.75±0.04mg/g FW).The content of protocatechuic acid in Zhongza 15 was the lowest(0.31±0.02mg/g).The content of chlorogenic acid was the highest in Youzhi 5(0.64±0.04mg/g FW),and the lowest in Yinfen 8(0.22±0.01mg/g FW).The content of gentianic acid was the highest(0.58±0.03mg/g FW)in Suantianguo 739,and the lowest(0.16±0.01mg/g FW)in Yinfen 8.The caffeic acid content of Suantianguo 739 was the highest(0.24±0.02mg/g FW),and that of Yinfen 8 was the lowest(0.05±0.01mg/g FW).The content of coumaric acid in Suantianguo 739 was the highest(0.38±0.02mg/g FW),and the content of coumaric acid in Yinfen 8 was the lowest(0.08±0.01mg/g FW).The ferulic acid content of Suantainguo 739 was the highest(0.43±0.03mg/g FW),and the ferulic acid content of Zhongza 15 was the lowest(0.22±0.01mg/g FW).Rutin content in Suantianguo739 was the highest(0.31±0.02mg/g FW),and rutin content in Yinfen 8 was the lowest(0.15±0.01mg/g FW).The naringin content in Suantianguo 739 was the highest(0.34±0.02mg/g FW),and that in Yinfen 8 was the lowest(0.08±0.01mg/g FW).The content of phenolic compounds in high quality tomato was higher than that in common tomato.To sum up,tomato is one of the most popular and widely planted vegetables in the world,and the industrial development is also one of the more prosperous vegetables.The comprehensive characters and quality of different tomato varieties are studied in this study,which has an important impact on the development of the prosperous tomato industry.This study provided theoretical basis,experimental methods and data support for screening suitable high-quality tomatoes in production and development of tomato industry through the combination of preliminary comparative screening test in field and preliminary quality exploration test in laboratory.For Suantianguo 739,the incidence of powdery mildew was2%,soluble solid content was 79.84±4.63 mg/g,soluble total sugar content was 110.63±5.96mg/g,organic acid content was 4.28±0.19 mg/g,sugar acid ratio was 25.84,vitamin C content was 37.74±2.55 mg/ Hg.For Youzhi 5,the incidence of powdery mildew was 2%,soluble solid content was 66.38±4.24 mg/g,soluble total sugar content was 109.42±8.04mg/g,organic acid content was 4.71±0.22 mg/g,sugar acid ratio was 23.23,vitamin C content was 34.46±1.95 mg/ Hg.These numerical parameters can provide reference for other quality tomato screening. |
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