Comparative Study On The Protection Awareness Of Community Residents In The Existing And Reintroduced Areas Of Hainan Eld’s Deer

Hainan Eld’s deer(Rucervus eldi hainanus)is one of the subspecies of Eld’s deer(Rucervus eldi),distributed only in Hainan Province,China,and is a national-level key protected wild animal.Hainan Eld’s deer used to be widely distributed in the low-altitude areas of Hainan Province.Due to the large-scale logging,over-cultivation and large-scale hunting by the people in history,the living space and population of Hainan Eld’s deer have been drastically reduced,and finally the number of Hainan’s Eld’s deer was once endangered.There are close social and economic ties between the residents of the communities near the Hainan Eld’s deer Reserve and the reserve,and the community residents’ attitude towards Hainan Eld’s deer directly affects the protection,survival and development of Hainan Eld’s deer.Therefore,grasping residents’ willingness to protect in advance and coordinating the relationship between protection and development are the key issues in the management of Hainan Eld’s deer protected areas.From May to August 2020,the research conducted on Hainan Datian National Nature Reserve,Bangxi Provincial Nature Reserve,Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Bawangling Branch Houmiling Area,Baomeiling Provincial Nature Reserve and Chihaoling Management Station collects the local ecological knowledge of the community residents in the form of questionnaires and interviews,and conducts research on the local ecological knowledge and awareness of Hainan Eld’s deer protection.Its research conclusions are as follows:1 This study collected basic information on community residents and data on their cognitions and attitudes towards protected areas.The residents in the interviewed area are mainly of the Li nationality,and the residents of the interviewed residents have a low education level and mainly work in agriculture.Most community residents know that there are protected areas near the community(77.0%)and hold a friendly attitude(86.2%)to the protected areas.The management and patrol of protected areas are weak and have insufficient influence on the entire community.Community residents have different perceptions of the role of protected areas based on their accumulated experience in daily production and life,but they all tend to promote animal growth and environmental protection.Most residents are not aware of the changes in the number of Hainan Eld’s deer.Most of the residents(94.7%)support the prohibition of eating wild animals such as Hainan Eld’s deer.This change in attitude towards eating Hainan Eld’s deer and other wild animals may affect local consumption and hunting patterns and reduce the unfavorable factors for wild animals.2 This study also collected community residents’ cognitive status of Hainan Eld’s deer.Community residents can acquire common-sense knowledge through daily production and life,but lack of systematic cognition.Only a few residents(7.6%)are very familiar with the knowledge of Hainan Eld’s deer.Community residents have a good attitude towards Hainan Eld’s deer,older(P<0.001)and Li(P<0.001)community residents prefer Hainan Eld’s deer,and community residents who have received publicity have a better attitude towards Hainan Eld’s deer sensory attitudes(P=0.001).Community residents are outside the protection group of Hainan Eld’s deer.A small number of residents(5.3%)said that Hainan Eld’s deer is harmful to people’s production and life,such as destroying crops.Injury behavior towards Hainan Eld’s deer by communities near the Hainan Eld’s deer reserve gradually disappeared,and 57.8% of the residents did not find any injury behavior.Residents heard that the injury behavior was significantly correlated with age(P<0.05)and the number of Hainan Eld’s deer believed to decrease(P<0.01).Community residents’ values towards Hainan Eld’s deer have changed,and the proportion of residents who do not believe in medicinal value is close to the proportion who believe in medicinal value.Residents believed that the medicinal value was significantly related to the protective mode of semi-wild exposure(P<0.05)and the behavior of hearing and speaking injury(P<0.05).Most community residents recognize the current protection situation,but some residents believe that it is still lacking.Adequate protection was significantly correlated with age(P<0.01)and received publicity and education(P<0.005).In the Hainan Eld’s deer reserve,the rate of popular science publicity is low,and the means of publicity are lacking.Received publicity and education was significantly correlated with the protection mode of semi-wild release(P<0.05).3 This study also collected community residents’ awareness of the protection of Hainan Eld’s deer in different regions.The proportion of residents in the semi-released area and the wild-released area who knew the basic knowledge of Hainan Eld’s deer(semi-released: 11.3%,wild-released: 9.7%)were higher than those in the wild-released area(4.0%).The willingness of residents in the wild release area to change their living behavior was the highest(82.3%),and the willingness of residents in the semi-release area to change their living habits was the lowest(72.6%).The proportion of community residents in the area where the wild release disappeared was the highest(35.4%),and the proportion of the harmful behavior in the area where the wild release was preserved was the lowest(26.6%).Residents in the areas where wild releases have disappeared have the highest proportion(35.3%)who recognize the medicinal value,and the residents in the areas where wild releases have been preserved have the highest proportion(43.8%)who do not believe in the medicinal value.The proportion of residents in the wild release preservation area that the protection is adequate(54.7%)and insufficient(9.4%)is lower than that of the wild release disappearance area(adequate: 63.6%,insufficient: 11.1%)and semi-wild release area(adequate: 61.3%),insufficient: 11.3%).The proportion of residents who received publicity and education in the areas where wild releases have disappeared and those in areas where wild releases have been preserved(disappeared in the wild:35.3%,and preserved in the wild: 35.9%)are both lower than those in the areas where they have been released from the wild(51.6%).However,the cognition of Hainan Eld’s deer by community residents in the semi-wild release area,the wild release disappearance area,and the wild release preservation area was similar,and there was no difference.After investigation and analysis,it was found that the local residents had insufficient awareness of the basic information of Hainan Eld’s deer.The publicity scope of Hainan Eld’s deer protected area is relatively limited,the content is relatively lacking,and the public perception is relatively one-sided;the protection management and law enforcement of the protected area are weak.At the same time,community residents are outside the protection,and have not formed a joint development situation with protected areas;the cognition and behavior of community residents affect the survival and development of wild populations.In this regard,in order to better protect the Hainan Eld’s deer,promote the harmonious development of protected areas and communities,and create a win-win situation,this paper puts forward the following suggestions:(1)Establish and improve the protection and management mechanism of Hainan Eld’s deer,and formulate scientific and reasonable protection strategies;(2)Strengthen the law enforcement of Hainan Eld’s deer protection and patrol of protected areas;(3)Increase popular science propaganda and use new media to expand the audience;(4)Protect the potential habitat of Hainan Eld’s deer and select suitable wild habitats Take measures such as wild release.