| Trace elements are indispensable nutrients for the growth and breed of poultry and livestock.Appropriate using of trace element additives can make up for the deficiency of some elements in the diet,and improve the performance of livestock and poultry.At present,inorganic trace elements are in the most of common trace element additives used in feed,but there are many problems,such as unstable properties,damage to some nutrients(such as vitamins、amino acid),high dose,poor palatability,and environmental pollution.However,the coated composite trace elements have the characteristics of small impact on the destruction of vitamins and amino acids in the feed,uniform particles,good dispersibility,high mixing uniformity,and less dust.In order to overcome the deficiency in use of inorganic trace elements,Gongqingcheng Aliman Animal Nutrition Co.,Ltd.has developed coated compound trace elements.Therefore,this experiment took the yellow feather broiler as the research object,explored the effect of different levels of coated compound trace elements on the production performance of yellow feather broilers,and determined the appropriate addition level,which provided a basis for the application of the production of coated composite trace elements by Gongqingcheng Aliman Animal Nutrition Co.,Ltd.Experiment 1: Study on the effect of coated compound trace elements on the production performance and suitable addition level of yellow feather broilersThis experiment was conducted to explore the effects of coated compound trace elements on growth performance and nutrient digestibility,blood biochemical indexes,antioxidant and immune ability,slaughter performance and muscle quality,tibia development and quality,and intestinal structure of yellow-feathered broilers,and to clarify the appropriate addition levels of coated compound trace elements.A total of 300one-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate.The 5 groups were gradually supplemented with coated compound trace elements from 200 mg/kg to 1000 mg/kg,and were considered as(coating 200,400,600,800,1000 groups),respectively.The experiment was divided into two stages of days 1 to 28 and days 29 to 56.The results are as follows:(1)Growth performance and nutrient digestibility: there was no significant difference in ADFI,ADG,F/G and between the groups with different coating levels(P < 0.05)during days 1 to 28.The ADFI of coated 400,600,800 and 1000 groups had lower than that of coated 200 group(P < 0.05),there was no significant difference in ADG between the groups with different coating levels(P > 0.05),and the coated 600 group had lower F/G than that in the coated 200 group(P < 0.05)during days 29 to 56 and days 1 to 56.At 56 days of age,the crude protein digestibility of coated 600,800 and 1000 groups had higher than that of coated 200 group(P < 0.05).(2)Blood biochemical,immune and antioxidant capable: at 28 days of age,the concentrations of serum TP,ALB,Glu,CHO,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C and the activities of AST and ALP in the groups with different coating levels were not significantly different(P > 0.05);at 56 days of age,the concentration of serum Glu of coated 800 and 1000 groups was higher than that of coated 200,400 and 600 groups(P < 0.05),the concentration of serum CHO of coated 200 group was higher than that of coated 600,800 and 1000 groups(P < 0.05).At 28 days of age,the serum Ig A level of coated 600,800 and1000 groups was higher than that of coated 200 group(P < 0.05);at 56 days of age,the serum Ig M level of coated 800 and 1000 groups was higher than that of coated 200 group(P < 0.05),and the serum Ig G level of coated 600,800 and 1000 groups was higher than that of coated 200 group(P < 0.05).At 28 days of age,the activity of serum GSH-PX of coated 400,600,800 and 1000 groups was higher than that of coated 200 group(P < 0.05);at 56 days of age,the serum T-AOC ability and SOD activity of coated 400,600,800 and1000 groups were higher than those of coated 200 group(P < 0.05),and the serum GSHPX activity of coated 800 and 1000 groups was higher than that of coated 200,400 and 600groups(P < 0.05).At 56 days of age,the liver T-AOC ability and GSH-PX activity of coated 400,600,800 and 1000 groups were higher than those of coated 200 group(P <0.05).(3)Slaughter performance and meat quality: at the age of 56 days,the before slaughter body weight of coated 600 group was higher than that of coated 200,800 and1000 groups(P < 0.05);the percentage of eviscerated weight of coated 600 group was higher than that of coated 200 and 1000 groups(P < 0.05).the shearing force of breast muscle of coated 400 group was lower than that of coated 800 and 1000 groups(P < 0.05);the crude fat content of breast muscle of coated 400 group was higher than that of coated800 and 1000 groups(P < 0.05).(4)Tibial development and quality: the tibial weight and ash content of coated 400,600,800 and 1000 groups were higher than those of coated 200 group(P < 0.05),there was no significant difference in tibial length,calcium and phosphorus content of yellow feather broilers in different coating levels(P > 0.05).(5)Intestinal structure: at 56 days of age,the jejunal V/C of coated 400 and 600 groups was higher than that of coated 200 and 1000 groups(P < 0.05);the ileal V/C of coated 400 and 600 groups was higher than that of coated 800 and 1000 groups(P < 0.05).2)The content of serum endotoxin in coated 800 and 1000 groups was higher than that in coated 200 and 400 groups(P < 0.05),and the content of serum D-lactic acid in coated 800 and 1000 groups was higher than that in coated 200,400 and 600 groups(P < 0.05).3)The expression levels of occludin and claudin-1 m RNA in jejunal mucosa of coated 600 and800 groups were higher than those of coated 200 group(P < 0.05);the expression level of ZO-1 m RNA in jejunal mucosa of coated 400 and 600 groups was higher than that of coated 200 and 1000 groups(P < 0.05).Conclusion:(1)Adding 400 mg/kg coated compound trace elements to the diet,the activities of T-AOC and GSH-PX in serum and liver,the content of crude fat in pectoral muscle,the weight and ash content of tibia,and the V/C of jejunum and ileum are the highest,and the shear force value of pectoral muscle,the contents of serum endotoxin and D-lactic acid are the lowest in yellow feather broilers.(2)Adding 600 mg/kg coated compound trace elements to the diet,the F/G in the later stage and CHO concentration in serum are the lowest,and the crude protein digestibility,the before slaughter body weight,the percentage of eviscerated weight and the expression levels of occludin,ZO-1 and claudin-1 m RNA in jejunal mucosa are the highest in yellow feather broilers.Experiment 2: effects of coated and uncoated compound trace elements on the content of trace elements in the feces of yellow feather broilers of yellow-feather broilersThis experiment was conducted to explore the effects of coated and uncoated compound trace elements on the content of trace elements in the feces of yellow feather broilers,and to investigate the effect of coated trace elements on energy conservation and emission reduction.A total of 120 one-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 birds per replicate.The uncoated group was fed basal diet with 1000 mg/kg trace elements,and the coated group was fed basal diet with 1000 mg/kg coated compound trace elements.The whole fecal collection method was used to collect all feces from 52 to 54 days.The contents of trace elements Cu,Fe,Mn,Zn and Se in feed samples and feces samples were determined.The results indicated that: there was no significant difference in the contents of Cu,Fe,Mn,Zn and Se between the coated 1000 group and the uncoated 1000 group(P > 0.05),thus the test is feasible to determine the content of trace elements in the feces of yellow feather broilers.Compared with the uncoated 1000 group,the content of Cu in feces of the coated1000 group was significantly increased(P < 0.05).Conclusion: compared with the uncoated 1000 group,trace elements have the same effect on energy conservation and emission reductionTo sum up,the suitable addition level of coated compound trace elements developed and produced by Gongqingcheng Aliman Animal Nutrition Co.,Ltd.in the basic diet of yellow-feather broilers is 400-600 mg/kg. |
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