Effects Of Graphene Oxide On Seed Germination,Growth And Yield Of Tartary Buckwheat

Tartary buckwheat is a cereal crop with the same origin of medicine and food,which has rich nutrients and high health value.With the improvement of the living standards of Chinese residents,consumers’ demand for nutritional and health-care foods is increasing,and the market demand for Tartary buckwheat and its functional products is increasing year by year.In terms of production,most of the Tartary buckwheat planting areas have backward production conditions and low level of cultivation management,resulting in low and unstable Tartary buckwheat yields,which seriously affects the development of the Tartary buckwheat industry.Previous studies have found that Graphene oxide(Graphene oxide,GO)is a nano-carbon material with a variety of specific functions,which has good biological effects in agricultural production and can promote the growth of crops.It is an important research direction and has broad application prospects.To this end,this study used the Tartary buckwheat variety Chuanqiao No.1 as the material,and set different particle sizes and concentrations of GO for treatment.Through indoor hydroponics and field experiments,the effects of GO on seed germination,seedling growth,agronomic properties,and The effects of photosynthetic characteristics,yield traits and grain quality revealed the specific effects of GO on the growth of Tartary buckwheat,and provided technical support and theoretical reference for the application of GO in the production of Tartary buckwheat and high-yield cultivation of Tartary buckwheat.The results of the study are as follows:1.Go treatment can promote the germination of hydroponic Tartary buckwheat seeds.With the increase of go particle size or concentration,the seed germination rate,germination index and germination value increased first and then decreased.10 μm+500 μg/L treatment had the highest germination rate,germination index and germination value,which were 82.22%,38.32 and 0.135 respectively,which were74.12%,87.80% and 203.17% higher than CK respectively;Germination potential is0 μm+500 μg/L treatment was the highest,which was 43.06%,which was 86.75%higher than CK.2.Go treatment can promote the growth of hydroponic Buckwheat Seedlings.With the increase of GO particle size or concentration,the growth indexes of Buckwheat Seedlings generally increased first and then decreased.The main root length,total root length and lateral root number of 0 μm+500 μg/L treatment were the highest,which were 14.13 cm,48.44 cm and 49.5 cm respectively,306.47%,227.82%and 582.76% higher than CK respectively;The fresh weight,root shoot ratio,root activity and cell membrane integrity in the underground were 10 μm+500 μg/L treatment was the highest,which were 0.041 g,52.92%,0.57 and 81.12% respectively,which were 21.74%,16.15%,13.16% and 4.82% higher than CK;The stem length is50 μm+500 μg/L treatment was the highest,which was 8.39 cm,which was 22.27%higher than CK.Transmission electron microscopy showed that after high concentration GO treatment,no GO enrichment was found in leaves,mainly in roots and stems,and mainly around the cell wall.3.Go treatment can improve the photosynthetic capacity of Tartary buckwheat planted in the field.The chlorophyll content of Tartary buckwheat plants treated with high concentration was higher in the early growth stage,and at 49 days after sowing The chlorophyll content of 50 μg/Plant treatment was the highest,which was 2.63mg·L-1,which was significantly higher than that of CK treatment by 7.64%.At the transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,net photosynthetic rate and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration of 0.5 μg/Plant were the highest,which were 8.90mmol·m-2 s-1 and 190.69 μmol·m-2 s-1,24.67 μmol·m-2 s-1 and 348.61 μmol·mol-1respectively,were 113.87%,95.47%,63.00% and 4.04% higher than CK treatment,respectively.4.Go treatment had a significant effect on the agronomic characters of Tartary buckwheat plants planted in the field.0.5 μg/Plant Go treatment had the highest aboveground dry weight,underground dry weight,plant height,stem diameter,strong seedling index,internode length,main root length and lateral root number,which were 14.26 g,7.62 g,77.80 cm,5.67 mm,1.83,7.28 cm,15.53 cm and 30.33 respectively,were 48.02%,16.44%,11.57%,9.49%,29.83%,8.31%,21.29% and47.89% higher than CK.The dry matter distribution rate of stems and leaves with5μg/Plant GO treated was the highest,51.92%,significantly higher than CK treatment by 12.99%.5.Go treatment can improve the yield of Tartary buckwheat.With the increase of GO concentration,the yield characters of Tartary buckwheat increased first and then decreased,with the highest yield of The flower number per plant,full grain number per plant,total grain number,1000 grain weight and theoretical yield of 0.5 μg/Plant treatment were the highest,which were 50.73,312,1078,21.24 g and 4427.28kg·hm-2 respectively,which were 6.73%,31.08%,29.99%,2.85% and 35.60% higher than CK treatment.6.Go treatment could significantly increase the content of flavonoids and starch in Tartary buckwheat grains,with 50 μg/Plant was the highest in GO treatment,which was 3.47% and 619.11 mg/g respectively,which was significantly higher than CK treatment by 25.14% and 14.40% respectively.Grain fat is 500 μg/Plant GO treatment was the lowest,2.35%,which was significantly lower than CK treatment by 15.36%.