| In daily production,animals suffer stress is chronic stress,usually by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)to simulate the guangxi lingshan Ma Ji the chronic inflammation of bacterial infection status,the research in the diet adding different doses of passion fruit polysaccharide to LPS stimulation of guangxi lingshan Ma Ji immune,antioxidant function and the influence of the intestinal mucosa barrier,To evaluate whether passion fruit peel polysaccharides can play a nutritional regulatory role in alleviating immune stress.The polysaccharide content of fresh passion fruit peel was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method.The molecular weight distribution of polysaccharides was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography(HPGPC).The composition and proportion of monosaccharide were determined by HPLC.Phase I(normal feeding period): 900 1d Guangxi Lingshan Flax chickens with similar body condition and half male and half female were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups(6 replicates per group and 30 chickens per replicate).All groups were fed basal diet + polysaccharide,and group K was blank treatment.Polysaccharide dose of group A,B,C and D were 250,500,1000 and 2000mg/kg,respectively.Stage 2(stress stage): Each treatment group was divided into 2 subgroups(LPS+ and LPS-)with 6 replicates in each subgroup and 15 mice in each replicate.LPS+ treated subgroup was injected intraperitoneally(5ml/kg BW)once every other day for 3 times,and LPS-treated subgroup was injected with the same amount of normal saline in the same way.A total of 6 birds were randomly selected from each replicate in33 D for weighing,blood sampling,slaughter and laparotomy.Stage 3(recovery): After normal feeding for 14 days,samples were taken on 47 days,and the specific method was the same as 33 D.The results are as follows:Physicochemical properties of polysaccharides: the content of polysaccharides was 74%,the number average molecular weight(Mn)was 1139,the weight average molecular weight(Mw)was 220883,and the D(Mw/Mn)was 193.9271.It is mainly composed of mannose,glucosamine,ribose,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galacturonic acid,glucose,galactose,xylose,arabinose and fucose,with a percentage of1.5:0.29:0.11:1.11:0.23:10.69:7.19:0.97: 0.32:0.51:0.09,galacturonic acid is the main monosaccharide type.Production performance: 1-27 days,BW,ADFI and ADG in group B were higher than those in other groups but not significant(P>0.05).From 28 to32 days,ADFI in subgroups B and C was significantly increased compared with other groups(P<0.05).After 32 days of LPS+ treatment,serum ACTH and CORT in group B were significantly lower than those in group K(P<0.05),and CORT in group C was significantly lower than that in group K(P<0.05).On 46 days,serum GH and IGF-1 in group B were significantly higher than those in group K(P<0.05),and CORT was significantly lower than that in group K(P<0.05).Immune organs: 46 days,the bursa of Fabricius index in 2 subgroups of treatment B was higher than that in other groups but not significantly(P>0.05).Serum biochemistry: 46 days after LPS+ treatment,the levels of aspartate aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase/glu,creatinine and glucose in group B and C showed a downward trend but were not significant(P>0.05).Serum inflammatory factors: on day 32,IL-1β,IL-2 and TNF-α in subgroups B and C were significantly lower than those in group K(P<0.05).On46 days,IL-1β and TNF-α in subgroup B were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Serum immunity: after 32 days of LPS-treatment,Ig M in groups B and C was significantly higher than that in group K(P<0.05);Under LPS+treatment,Ig M in groups B and C was significantly higher than that in group K(P<0.05),s CD8 in group C was significantly higher than that in group K(P<0.05),s CD4 in group B was significantly higher than that in group K(P<0.05).After 46 days of LPS+ treatment,the Ig M in group C was higher than that in group K but not significantly(P>0.05).Serum antioxidant: after 32 days of LPS+ treatment,the level of GHS-Px in group C was significantly higher than that in group K(P<0.05),while MAD and 8-OHDG were significantly lower than those in groups K and B(P<0.05).At 46 days,after LPS+ treatment,GHS-PX and T-AOC in group C were significantly higher than those in group K(P<0.05),and LPO was significantly lower than those in groups K and B(P<0.05).Intestinal tract: Under LPS+ treatment,ileum villus height was significantly increased and jejunum crypt depth was decreased in group C(P<0.05);The Oclaudin level in group K was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.05),and the s Ig A level in group K was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05).On day 32,the level of IL-2 in duodenum of group C was significantly higher than that of group K(P<0.05);On 46 days,IL-1β in group C was significantly lower than that in group K(P<0.05);On 46 days,the levels of propionic acid,acetic acid and butyric acid in cecum of group C were higher than those of group K but not significantly(P>0.05),Shannon,Sobs and Chao indexes of group C were significantly higher than those of group K(P<0.05),and Simpson index was significantly lower than that of group K(P<0.05).Under LPS stimulation,with the increase of polysaccharide dose,the cecal microbial relative abundance of 32 d chicken showed that firmicutes gradually decreased and Bacteroidetes gradually increased.The relative abundance of firmicutes in cecum of chicken 46 d showed that firmicutes gradually increased and Bacteroidetes gradually decreased.Passion fruit peel polysaccharide can increase feed intake,promote growth hormone secretion,reduce serum inflammatory factor level,enhance immunity,enhance antioxidant capacity,improve intestinal morphology,affect cecum SCFA components and regulate cecum microflora structure.In conclusion,1000mg/kg passion fruit peel polysaccharide had the best effect in the experiment and could be used as a natural plant additive in production. |
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