Coupling Development Of Agricultural Eco-economic System In Beiluo River Basin

The ecological environment of the Loess Plateau is fragile and soil erosion is serious.In order to improve the ecological environment,at the end of the 20 th century,the state launched a series of ecological projects such as returning farmland to forest(grass)and soil and water conservation.After more than 20 years of ecological governance,the ecological environment has been greatly improved.However,while the ecological environment has been improved,the contradictory situation still exists in the development process of the river basin ecosystem and the economic system.In view of the conflicting situation between the development of agricultural ecosystem and agricultural economic system under the background of returning farmland to forest(grass),this study selected Wuqi County,Fu County and Baishui County in the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Beiluo River Basin as the sample areas.At different time periods,the comprehensive evaluation index of the basin agro-ecological economic system,the system coupling development process,and the system coupling level are analyzed and studied,and based on this,the coupling and coordinated development strategies and countermeasures of the basin agro-ecological economic system are discussed.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)It can be concluded that the quality of the agricultural ecological environment has been greatly improved by analyzing the current situation of the agricultural ecological environment and agricultural economic development in the basin.The main changes in agricultural resources are as follows: per capita arable land decreases,garden land increases,the use of chemical fertilizers and the use of plastic film show a trend of first increase and then decrease.The agricultural economy of each county showed an increasing trend,but the proportion of the primary industry in GDP declined.By 2019,the primary industry in Wuqi County,Fu County,and Baishui County accounted for 6.7%,22.8%,and 42.7% of GDP,respectively.Insufficient utilization of resources,single industrial structure,and small peasant economic management mode are the main problems of the agricultural economic development of the counties.(2)Using the structural equation model to analyze the relationship between the coupling elements of the agricultural ecosystem and the agricultural economic system based on the farmer level,the results show that the ecological environment,agricultural resources and industrial situation with related relationships form a coupled system,and its The influence coefficients are 0.16,0.07,and 0.50 respectively;the influence coefficient of ecological environment on agricultural resources is 0.36,and the influence coefficient of agricultural resources on industrial situation is 0.28,so the amount of agricultural resources increased by ecological environment improvement has not been fully utilized by industrial development.The system coupling effect is relatively low.The ecological environment,agricultural resources,industrial situation,and coupling state have positive coefficients of0.54,0.23,0.67,and 0.18 for economic benefits.The improvement of the ecological environment has played a role in promoting the development of the system,which further shows that the coupling development of the agricultural ecological and economic system is effective.The goal is the coordinated development of agricultural ecosystems and agricultural economic systems.(3)From 1990 to 2019,the comprehensive evaluation index of the agricultural ecosystem and agricultural economic system in Wuqi County,Fu County and Baishui County showed an overall upward trend,and the quality of the agricultural ecological environment and the development of agricultural economy have been greatly improved.(4)By establishing the coupling degree model,the coordinated development relationship between the two systems is revealed,and it is concluded that Wuqi County transitions from the stage of uncoordinated development to the stage of ecologically lagging coordinated development and economic lagging coordinated development.Fu County has transitioned from the coordinated development stage of economic lag type to the stage of ecological lag type coordinated development.From 1998 to 2012,the growth rate of agricultural economy accelerated,and the coupling degree increased to 87.74°,which was in the incubation period of agricultural ecological economy;from 2013 to 2019,the coupling degree of agricultural ecological economic system began to decline,and the coordinated development relationship between the two gradually improved.Continuously optimize and adjust at different stages of development.During the whole study period in Baishui County,the coupling degree of agro-ecological economic system fluctuated between 30°and 60°,and was continuously optimized and adjusted in different development stages.(5)Using the coupling coordination degree index to comprehensively evaluate the coupling and coordinated development degree of the agro-ecological economic system in the basin,it is concluded that Baishui County has the highest degree of coupling and coordinated development of agro-ecological economic system(0.69),followed by Fu County(0.67),and Wuqi County is the lowest(0.62).),and they are all in the initial stage of coordinated development.After 30 years of development,the ecological environment quality and agricultural economic development level of the Beiluo River Basin have shown rapid improvement.The upstream ecological environment quality and agricultural economic development level are relatively low,the midstream ecological environment quality is high,and the agricultural economic development level is relatively low.the downstream will effectively exert the ecological and economic benefits of agricultural resources,and the coordinated development level is relatively high.