| Tumote Right Banner is located in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia.Due to the unique local climate and soil environment,the yield and quality of agricultural products have been high since ancient times.Although the local mildly saline-alkali land is conducive to the production of high-quality agricultural products,excessive soil salinization has seriously restricted the sustainable development of local agriculture.How to improve moderately and severely saline-alkali land and use mildly saline-alkali land to produce agricultural products with better quality and higher yield is of great significance for the high-quality development of local agriculture.Therefore,in response to the above problems,this study took sugar beet(Netherlands "IM1162")as the test material,and set up five different "organic+inorganic" improved material ratios.Field experiments were carried out to monitor the changes of soil physical and chemical properties,and agronomic indicators of sugar beet growth,physiology,yield and quality were observed in different growth periods,and the relationship between the application of different improved materials and the formation of sugar beet yield and quality was analyzed.The improved material ratio is suitable for high-yield and high-quality sugar beet planting in Hetao Irrigation Area,Inner Mongolia.The specific conclusions are as follows:(1)The combined application of different improvement materials significantly reduced soil pH and total salt content.Compared with the control after beet harvest,the soil pH value decreased by 4.49%on average,and the treatment E had the best effect,with a decrease of 6.07%;the total soil salt content decreased by 4.28%on average,and the treatment E had the most obvious effect,decreased by 6.07%.12.78%.(2)The plant height,crown width,leaf area and root-shoot ratio of sugar beet were significantly improved by the application of different improved materials in the tuberous root expansion stage.Compared with CK,the plant height,crown width,leaf area and root shoot of each treatment increased by 9.77%,32.44%,32.25%and 17.34%on average respectively.Among them,the plant height,crown width,leaf area and root-shoot ratio of treatment E all reached the highest,which increased by 25.3 1%,29.68%,55.20%and 27.29%respectively compared with CK.(3)The application of different improved materials significantly improved the photosynthetic performance of sugar beet.In the period of rapid growth of leaf clusters,compared with the control,the SPAD value of each treatment increased by 14.11%on average,and the treatment E had the best effect,which increased by 22.28%;increased;the average net photosynthetic rate increased by 11.89%,among which treatment E was the best,increased by 23.67%.(4)The application of different improved materials significantly increased the content of organic osmotic substances in different organs of sugar beet in different periods.In the tuberous root expansion stage,the content of soluble sugar and proline in leaves increased by 27.58%and 72.97%respectively compared with CK,among which the content of soluble sugar in treatment A increased by 10.71%compared with CK,and the content of proline in treatment E increased by 90.85%compared with CK.%.During the sugar accumulation period,the content of soluble sugar and proline in tubers increased by 29.57%and 29.26%on average compared with CK.The soluble sugar content in treatment E was the highest compared with CK,which increased by 35.06%;the content of proline in beet tubers in treatment D increased by 41.42%compared with CK.%.(5)The application of different improved materials significantly increased the yield of sugar beet.Compared with the control,the yield(fresh weight of roots)of each treatment increased by 74.96%on average,and the highest yield(fresh weight of roots)of treatment E was 5012.85kg/666.7m2,which was 125.18%higher than that of CK.(6)The application of different improved materials significantly improved the process quality and feed quality of sugar beet.Compared with the control,the process quality indexes of each treatment changed as follows:the average sucrose content increased by 34.4%compared with CK,and the average content of choline and betaine decreased by 9.79%and 13.19%compared with CK,respectively.Among them,the process quality of C was the best,the content of sucrose increased by 62.85%compared with CK,and the content of reducing sugar,choline and betaine decreased by 28.89%,21.25%and 21.71%compared with CK.Compared with the control,the changes of forage quality indicators in each treatment were as follows.In the tuberous root expansion stage,the dry matter,crude protein,crude fiber and crude fat content of the leaves increased by 4.18%,6.18%,5.08%,and 13.69%,respectively,compared with CK.Compared with CK,the crude ash content was reduced by 4.20%on average;among them,the treatment D had the best effect,and the dry matter and crude protein content reached the highest,which were respectively increased by 21.26%and 21.74%compared with CK,and the lowest crude ash content was decreased by 7.07%compared with CK.During the sugar accumulation period,the dry matter,crude protein,and crude fiber contents of tubers were increased by 15.63%,14.16%,and 1.16%,respectively,and the crude fat and crude ash contents were decreased by 39.15%and 13.68%,respectively,compared with CK.Compared with CK,the content of dry matter,crude protein,and crude fiber increased by 16.94%,18.41%,and 19.32%,respectively,while the content of crude fat and crude ash decreased by 69.73%and 19.31%,respectively,compared with CK.(7)Through principal component analysis and economic benefit analysis,the improved material ratio suitable for high-yield and high-quality sugar beet planting in the Hetao Irrigation Area ofInner Mongolia is proposed.For the improvement of sugar beet yield and feed quality,treatment D is the combination of "phosphogypsum(1.0t/666.7m2)+superphosphate(0.02t/666.7m2)+ decomposed sheep manure(0.2t/666.7m2)".The tuberous root yield is higher,the feed quality is the best,and the economic benefit is the highest.From the point of view of process quality,treatment C,namely"phosphogypsum(1.0t/666.7m2)+ superphosphate(0.04t/666.7m2)+decomposed sheep manure(0.4t/666.7m2)",has the highest sucrose content and sugar yield,with the least harmful nitrogen content and the highest economic benefit. |
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