Study On The Diversity Of Insect Community In Pear Orchard In Jincheng Area Of Shanxi Province

In this paper,7 methods were used to systematically investigate the insect communities in different habitats of pear trees in the Nanyagong picking pear orchard,Zhanghe Village,Fucheng Town,Lingchuan County,Jincheng City,Shanxi Province from 2018 to 2019.Clear the pear orchard in insect community structure,community diversity were analyzed,and the harmful insects and natural enemies and neutral insects three analysises different functional groups and the composition,structure,dynamics and diversity of sub-community,to provide a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of beneficial biological and the Integrated pest control strategy in the pear orchard.Specific research results are as follows:1、The insect community of pear orchard is rich in species,and the species and quantity of three sub-communities of harmful insects,natural enemies and neutral insects are balanced.The number of dominant species of pests is low,and the species and quantity of natural enemies are rich.A total of 10 orders,133 families and 324 species of insects were collected from pear orchard during 2018-2019,including 227 species,5 orders and 95 families of harmful insects,78 species,5 orders and 29 families of natural enemies,and 19 species,3 orders and 9 families of neutral insects.Pest outbreaks can be effectively controlled.2、From the community dominant species of dynamic analysis result shows that the harmful insects and the community of dominant species of Drosophila melanogaster,lygaeid bug,Bothynoderes punctiventris,Trigonotylus coelestialium,Lithocolletis ringoniella Mats,the sub-community dominant species of natural enemy insects such kind of step a class,parasitic wasp and ladybirds,the community dominant species of neutral insect species mainly 9diptera flies,mosquitoes,etc.According to the trend of community diversity,the insect community diversity of pear orchard was greatly affected by climate factors,In 2018,due to the impact of cold injury in early spring,insect community species and individual number changed from less to more during the survey period,but the dynamic change was gentle throughout the year.The number of species and individuals in the pear orchid community increased significantly in 2019 which is the right climate compared with that in 2018,and the increase in the number of individuals was much greater than that of the number of species,resulting in prominent dominant species,and the evenness and diversity index decreased.4、Principal component analysis divided the time series of main pests,natural enemies and neutral insects into three state sets in pear orchard: From April to June,the arthropod community began to flourish in pear orchard.The community was rich in species and the dominant species were few.The ecological control strategy for pest control mainly focused on the control of natural enemies.July to September is the peak period of arthropod community in pear orchards,and it is also the main damage period for pests.The control effect of natural enemies is not obvious,so pest control in pear orchards should be supplemented by biological control and biological pesticide control.From the end of September to October was the decline period of the community,and the number of arthropods in the pear orchard decreased rapidly.During this period,the number of overwintering pests was controlled and the natural enemy overwintering sites were protected by agricultural activities such as autumn harvest and post-harvest clearing of the pear orchard.