Construction Of Ems Mutant Library And Screening,Identification Of Mutants Of Tartary Buckwheat

Buckwheat(Fagopyrum spp.)is a traditional crop that originated in China.There are two cultivars of tartary buckwheat(Fagopyrum tararicum Gaerth)and sweet buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench).Buckwheat,as a nutrient-rich miscellaneous crop,is a typical "medicine and food homologous" crop.It is rich in a series of flavonoids represented by rutin and a variety of vitamins.It has lowering "three highs",anti-oxidation,and anti-tumor.The effect of.my country is rich in buckwheat resources,but there is insufficient research on the mining and utilization of buckwheat germplasm resources and breeding.The strict self-crossing characteristics of tartary buckwheat have slowed its progress in cross breeding,leading to slow breeding of new tartary buckwheat varieties,which to a certain extent limits the increase in the yield and quality of buckwheat in my country.Therefore,it is particularly important to broaden the breeding methods of tartary buckwheat,especially the innovative breeding technology.Mutant sports species is a fast and effective breeding technology.In recent years,the improvement of tartary buckwheat traits such as low yield,strong shattering ability,easy lodging,unlimited inflorescence(inconsistent seed setting period)and other traits has become the key point of tartary buckwheat breeding.Based on the above research points,we used EMS to mutate tartary buckwheat to obtain excellent strains with rich phenotypes and potential use value,laying the foundation for the creation of new tartary buckwheat germplasm.In this study,we systematically analyzed the plant type,leaf color,grain type,seed color,number of seeds per plant,number of seeds per plant,and seed setting rate of the mutants of’Jinqiao 2’and’Jinqiao 4’ Investigation of 13 agronomic traits,grain length,grain width,grain circumference,aspect ratio,single plant grain weight,and thousand-grain weight.The flavonoid content of mutant grains and population chlorophyll variation were analyzed,and excellent mutant lines were screened.,Recommended basic materials for the breeding of high-quality tartary buckwheat.The results are as follows:1.Excellent phenotype screening of mutantsDuring the screening process from 2109 to 2020,71 plants with variation in plant type,119 plants with variation in leaf color,608 plants with variation in grain type,and 809 plants with variation in grain color were found in’Jinqiao 2’;plant type variation was found in’Jinqiao 4’ 48 plants,88 plants with variation of leaf color,200 plants with variation of grain type,and 251 plants with variation of grain color.The number of seeds per plant,number of seeds per plant,seed setting rate,grain length,grain width,grain circumference,aspect ratio,grain weight per plant,and 1000-grain weight of 953 mutants were analyzed.The results showed that the maximum number of grains per plant of’Jinqiao 2’was 1956,the weight was 32.84 g,and the maximum thousand-grain weight was 31.8g;the maximum number of grains per plant was 2308,and the weight was 43.0g;thousand-grain weight.The maximum is 24.7g.The number of grains per plant,the number of seeds per plant,the grain weight per plant,and the thousand-grain weight are positively correlated.The grain length,grain width,and grain circumference are also positively correlated,while grain length,grain width,grain perimeter and grain area are negatively correlated.2.Analysis of the flavonoid content of tartary buckwheat mutantsThe content of flavonoids in 295 mutants of’Jinqiao 2’and 153 mutants of’Jinqiao 4’were analyzed by near-infrared spectroscopy,and the mutants were divided into five according to the content of flavonoids in’Jinqiao 2’ The first category includes 31 individual plants.In these individual plants,the content of four flavonoids,hesperidin,kaempferol,luteolin,and quercetin,is higher than other strains;the second category includes 70 In a single plant,the content of hesperidin,kaempferol and quercetin is lower than that of the first category;there are 69 strains in the third category,and the content of two compounds,hesperidin and kaempferol,is higher than that of the second category.The content of rutin is lower than the first two categories;in the fourth category,the content of kaempferol,molin,rutin,and quercetin are all lower than the first three categories,and the fifth category has the lowest content of these four compounds.Jinqiao No.4mutants are divided into four categories.The first category contains 41 individual plants,and the content of 10 flavonoids is relatively medium;in the second category 50 individual plants,the content of Phellin,rutin,and quercetin The content of kaempferol is high,but the content of kaempferol is low,the lowest is 10.771ng/m L;the fourth category has 32 individual plants,of which the content of kaempferol is the highest,and the content of luteolin and phyllanthin is lower;the last category has 30 individual plants.Among them,the content of rutin is the highest,the highest content is 820.5515ng/m L.3.Analysis of mutant chlorophyll contentIn order to distinguish the chlorophyll content of the mutants,we used hyperspectral imaging technology to scan 1,319’Jinqiao 2’mutant plots and 652’Jinqiao 4’mutant plots.Among them,’Jinqiao 2’screened 9 plots with high chlorophyll content;3 plots with medium content and 3plots with low content."Jinqiao 4" has 1 plot with medium chlorophyll content and 1 plot with low content.In summary,this study analyzed and screened the agronomic traits,chlorophyll content and flavonoid content of the’Jinqiao 2’and’Jinqiao 4’mutants,and obtained mutants with potential breeding value.The creation of tartary buckwheat germplasm with excellent quality and cultivation traits provides a material basis.