| Maize(Zea mays L.),as an important food and energy crop,plays a significant role in global economic development.It is helpful to improve the yield and quality of maize by locating the genes that control maize related traits and developing corresponding functional markers.In this study,we used maize inbred lines B73 as recurrent parent and a teosinte species K67-11 as donor,through two times of backcrossing and four times of selfing,we constructed backcross introgression lines(ILs)population finally.SNP markers were used to construct a genetic map of 135 introgression lines populations.Through Guangzhou and Zhuhai two-point field experiments,five plant type traits of plant height,ear height,number of tassel branches,number of ears and leaf number above ear were obtained.The data of five ear traits including length of ear,diameter of ear,kernel number rer row,Kernel row number,and shank length were measured.Finally,combined genotype and phenotype data,through the QTL Ici Mapping software,we mapped the QTLs of the agronomic traits of each phase using composite interval mapping.The research findings are as follows:1.The introgression lines population in two environment to identify plant and ear triats: Under the two environments,except the number of tassel branches,the other nine agronomic traits were consistent with the normal distribution;The variance analysis of different traits showed that the genotype and environment had significant level on the other traits except the number of ears,kernel row numbe,and shank length.What’s more,correlation analysis shows that in different environments,the correlations between number of ears versus ear height,leaf number above ear,length of ear versus kernel number rer row,and diameter of ear versus kernel row number all reached extremely significant levels.Background recovery rate of ILs is between 71.94% to 97.71%,and the average background recovery rate is 89.81%.2.Genotyping of ILs through gene chip,and finally successfully constructed a genetic linkage map containing 1,151 SNP molecular markers.The total length of the map is3975.36 cM,and the average distance between markers is 3.45 cM.The total number of markers of chromosomes 1 to 10 in maize are: 120,120,118,126,128,88,121,103,114,113.The average distance between each marker on each chromosome is: 3.52 cM,3.98 cM,3.89 cM,3.39 cM,3.76 cM,4.24 cM,3.41 cM,3.14 cM,3.06 cM,2.22 cM.3.The results of QTL analysis showed that the ILs population detected 68 related QTLs in two environments,including 10 plant height QTLs,3 ear height QTLs,6 leaf number above ear QTLs,and 6 number of ears QTLs,6 number of tassel branches QTLs,9length of ear QTLs,5 diameter of ear QTLs,5 kernel number rer row QTLs,7 kernel row number QTLs,11 shank length QTLs;of which there are 1plant height QTL,1 QTL of ear height,1 QTL of number of tassel branches,2 QTLs of number of ears,1 QTL of length of ear,1 QTL of shank length were repeatedly detected in difference environments.Explain that the QTL of controlling related traits is less affected by environment,and there may be real genetic locus of controlling related traits.4.By comparing the distribution of QTL with different traits,it detected eleven QTL regions which control multiple traits,3 are on chromosome 1,1 is on chromosome 2,3 are on chromosome 3,1 is chromosome 4,and 1 is on chromosome 6,2 are on chromosome 7,1 is on chromosome 8,indicating that QTLs controlling these traits are clustered.It is speculated that these segments may be related to functional regions which are controlling the relevant traits of maize. |
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