Community Structure And Species Diversity Of Fengshui Forest In Leizhou Peninsula

With the continuously exploiting and utilizing in the global natural forests,the area of forests and species diversity are gradually reduced.,because the wildlife habitat is under more and more serious threat.However,in southern China,some villages still preserve relatively primitive forest with high species diversity,and play an important role in the process of habitat provision.These forests are known as “fengshui forests”,while being protected,which are also suffered varying degrees of human interference and continued impact from the fragmentation.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the preservation status of fengshui forest patches and the maintenance mechanism of forest community for the harmony between fengshui forest and human beings,and it is also of direct reference value to the selection and disposition of tree species in the process of urban and rural greening.In this paper,the fengshui forest of leizhou peninsula was taken as the research object,and 10 quadrats were set up to analyze the plant community structure,species diversity and its maintenance mechanism.The results are as follows:(1)In the fengshui forest of leizhou peninsula,there has preserved rich species,including 47 families,120 generas,163 species,9253 trees,48 families,88 generas,99 species,1513 herbs in arboraceous and herbaceous layer separately,a total of 190 sepecies.In terms of family and genus composition of the study area,species belonging to the same family and genera had a small proportion,and highest proportion of monogeneric family(1genera),oligospecies families(2-4 generas)and monotypic genera(1 species)dominanted,and monogeneric family(1 genus),single species genera(1 species)and monotypic genera(1 species)dominanted in the arboraceous layer and herbaceous layer separately.However,the community structure is mainly composed of a few dominant species and a lot of rare species.What’s more,the Jaccard similarity coefficient between quadrats of fengshui forest is relatively low in the arboraceous and herbaceous layer separately.There was no significant correlation between the Jaccard similarity coefficient of species from arboraceous layer and the spatial distance.Therefore,the preserved rare species may not be replenished and withdraw from forest patches due to interference and other factors,and each fengshui forest patch has important protection value.(2)In fengshui forests of leizhou peninsula,arboraceous and herbaceous layer are rich in species separately.There was no significant correlation between the number of families,number of genera,species richness,abundance and α diversity index of the arboraceous layer and the corresponding indexes of the herbaceous layer.However,they has a interassociation,The herbaceous layer obtained seed resources from the arboraceous layer,and at the same time feedback affected the arboraceous layer.Although there is a low Jaccard similarity coefficient and Bray-Curtis similarity coefficient between them,wihch was only 22.77% and 12.12% in average.The species abundance of the arboraceous layer was significantly positively correlated with the average plant height of the herbaceous layer.Therefore,the arboraceous layer and the herbaceous layer should be protected,which were two independent and interrelated communities.(3)The influence of environmental factors on the α diversity of fengshui forests in leizhou peninsula is mainly concentrated on its small-diameter arbors.The Shannon-Winer diversity index of small-diameter trees decreased significantly with the increase of forest patch area,and the Shannon-Winer diversity index and the Pielou evenness index of small-diameter trees decreased significantly with the increase of distance between fengshui forest and the nearest town.The preservation levels of small-diameter arbors were significantly affected by disturbance from human in well-protected fengshui forests.At the same time,the annual precipitation and mean shape index has a significant effect on the species distribution in the forest community of leizhou peninsula.Therefore,the protection of fengshui forest needs to pay attention to the protection of arbors with different diameter-level structure,and the continuous impact from forest fragmentation.