| In order to screen the chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement technology suitable for open-field pepper production,the Chaotian pepper ’Chili king’ and the horn pepper ’Cayenne’ were used as test materials,and Watson compound fertilizer(CK),Watson compound fertilizer+ spraying biogas liquid leaf Three fertilization treatments:surface fertilizer(T1),root application of biogas residue and humic acid flushing fertilization+spraying of biogas slurry foliar fertilizer(T2),studied the effects of different fertilization treatments on pepper growth,mineral nutrient absorption,soil microbial quantity,and fruit quality And the impact of production.In order to explore the action mechanism of biogas residue and liquid fertilizer,the 4 ’leaves and 1 heart seedlings of Chaotian pepper ’Chili king’ were used as test materials to artificially simulate high temperature and drought stress,and CK(leaf spraying water+root application 1/4 Hoagland nutrient solution),20×(Leaf spray 20 times liquid biogas fertilizer+root application 500 times liquid ’Guo Shi Le’ biogas residue humic acid fertilization),30×(leaf spray 30 times liquid biogas fertilizer+root application 500 times liquid ’Guo Shi Le’biogas residue humus Acid flushing fertilization),40×(leaf spray 40 times liquid biogas fertilizer+root application 500 times liquid ’Guo Shi Le’ biogas residue humic acid flushing fertilization)4 kinds of fertilization treatments,studied the photosynthetic characteristics and anti-oxidation characteristics of pepper seedlings by different fertilization treatments The effect of enzyme activity.The main findings are as follows:1.Biogas residue and liquid fertilizer effectively promote the growth and development of peppers and increase the output of peppers.The plant development degree,branch number,ear number and leaf SPAD value of T1 treatment were significantly higher than that of CK,with an increase of 2.71%～12.19%,15.80%～59.21%,17.17%～73.01%and 6.78%～16.90%.The plant heights of T1 and T2 increased by 1.54%～1.68%and 4.43%～7.96%compared with CK.The fruit transverse diameter of T1 treatment and the fruit thickness of T2 treatment were significantly higher than that of CK,the increase was 5.44%～9.25%and 11.48%～13.75%,respectively.The soluble sugar and protein content,Vc,capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin content of ’Cayenne’ T2 treatment were significantly higher than that of CK,the soluble sugar and protein content of ’Chili king’ T2 treatment,the Vc,capsaicin and dihydrogen content of T1 treatment Capsaicin content was significantly higher than CK.Both the treatment of biogas residue and liquid fertilizer significantly increased the yield of pepper.The T1 and T2 treatments were 5.87%～36.23%and 6.04%～22.66%higher than CK,respectively.2.T2 treatment significantly increases the number of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in pepper soil,and promotes the absorption and transport of N,P and K by ’Cayenne’.The numbers of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes of the two species are 22.68%～57.69%,53.59%～125.14%and 11.41%～84.38%higher than those of CK;the N,P,and K of the whole ’Cayenne’ plant are 31.43%,15.66%and respectively higher than that of CK.35.95%.The P content of the whole plant of ’Chili king’ was significantly higher than that of CK by 28.58%;the content of soil available N,P,K and organic matter content of ’Chili king’ was significantly higher than that of CK,with the difference being 8.52%and 13.52%respectively.3.Biogas residue and liquid fertilizer can improve the heat resistance of pepper seedlings.The mitigation effect of 20× treatment was the best.At 8 days of stress,the fresh weight and dry weight of pepper seedlings under 20× treatment were 32.13%and 40.74%higher than those of CK,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and root vigor were 27.38%,49.13%,18.4%higher,respectively.The net photosynthetic rate and POD of the leaves were higher.The CAT enzyme activity was 75.8%,46.2%and 63.1%higher,and the leaf MDA content and O2-production rate were 18.78%and 16.32%lower than CK,respectively.The heat damage index is 33.3%lower than CK.4.Biogas residue and liquid fertilizer can improve the drought tolerance of pepper seedlings.The mitigation effect of 20× treatment was the best.Compared with CK,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids were 14.57%,16.57%and 8.09%higher than that of CK,and the root vitality was as high as 327.92μg·g-1·h-1,24.83%higher than CK,leaf net photosynthesis rate,transpiration rate increased by 69.95%and 64.29%,SOD,POD,CAT enzyme activities are 4.37%,33.82%and 16.83%higher than CK,while leaf MDA content and O2-production rate It was 10.22%and 15.72%lower than CK,and the wilting coefficient was 25%lower. |
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