Analysis Of Population Genetic Structure And Selection Signal Of Wannan Pig Based On Chip Technology

Wannan pig is one of the excellent local pig breeds in my country.It is mainly distributed in the mountainous area of southern Anhui.It has the characteristics of early maturity,easy fertilization,high fertility,strong resistance to stress,and roughage resistance.In this study,SMIC chip technology was used to analyze the genetic diversity,population structure and selection signal of the Anhui Wannan pig conservation population.The purpose is to explore the genetic diversity,population structure relationship and long-term selection signals of the existing population at the genomic level,so as to better understand,protect and develop the existing population of Wannan pig.Analysis of genetic diversity,population structure,inbreeding coefficient and kinship of the remaining sites of 32 Wannan pigs after quality control revealed that there are only five families in the conservation population(genealogy records are 8 families),and the bloodline is narrower,And some breeding pigs belong to different families at the same time.From the perspective of genetic diversity,the effective content of the existing population is in a serious threat state.About 50%of the samples have an inbreeding coefficient greater than or equal to 0.125,and only 6.25%of the individuals have an inbreeding coefficient less than or equal to 0.0625.The observed heterozygosity of the population is higher than Desired heterozygosity,the individual has obvious accumulation of inbreeding.Select a part of Wannan pig(17)and Anqing Liubai pig(20)from each family sorted out in the above study for selective signal analysis.A total of 43 significant signals(p<0.01)were obtained by the combined detection method of FST and θπ),annotated these areas and found a series of genes related to Wannan pig resistance,high fertility,and subcutaneous fat development.For example,SYNE2 is important for normal retinal development.TTC39C gene is associated with diabetic macular disease Decreased vision,these genes may play an important role in Wannan pig’s vision degradation,thickened eyelids,and some genes have also been found in immunity,such as RAB1B,SNORA31,and some are enriched with anti-diarrhea(LMLN)and high fertility(U6,IQCG)and other genes.To sum up,the effective content of the Anhui Wannan pig conservation population is steadily decreasing,and the families have fewer records than the original pedigree.There are obvious inbreds in the population,and the form of conservation is more serious.Candidates have received some genes related to high fertility,stress resistance,immunity.