Cognitive Psychological Research On Icon Similarity

An icon is regarded as a type of semantide with the function of operation in the humancomputer interaction interface because it is vivid,and easy to be recognized and memorized.In a complex information interface,icons distinguished by functions have similar characteristic attributes and cognitive attributes,while every single icon corresponds to unique semantic.The demand for a large number of icons prompts designers to continuously innovate.Based on the correct identification of icons and dedicating to improve the search efficiency,it is of great importance to how icons with similar concepts can be reasonably distinguished by design methods.It mainly studies how to enlarge the cognitive difference between icons under the design requirements of icons with similar functions.In this paper,reasonable distinction methods and design principles are proposed,of which rationality is verified through behavior experiments.It also researches on the relationship between similar cognitive judgment and icon similarity through the results of similarity calculation and cognitive psychology experiments,which aims at optimizing the differentiated design among icons to improve the legibility of them.The main research contents completed in the article are as follows:Firstly,the visual characteristic factors of users' perception of similar icons are analyzed.Through cognitive behavior experiments,it summarizes the grouping strategies of the user perception.And then,a similar grouping decision tree is established to study the effect of shape perception on the similarity of perception icons.The diversity factors of visual attributes are distributed according to the importance of grouping,in accordance with the feature sequence in the similarity grouping experiment.The characteristics of strong grouping and weak grouping are summarized to provide support for the differential design method between icons later in the paper.Secondly,design the algorithm of icon similarity from the perspective of cognition.The shape elements in the icon are layered and compared by the pattern recognition and feature extraction.In addition,similar weights are reasonably assigned according to the area proportion of the shape elements surrounded by different layers.According to the algorithm,it can be seen that different topological structures,icon structure complexity and shape element filling will enlarge the difference between icons.Through the calculation of icon similarity in cognitive experiments,it is found that it is consistent with the results of cognitive experiments,which proves that the algorithm in this paper has a certain application value.Then,the characteristics of the subject object of an icon are further studied through cognitive experiments,including the aspect ratio of the object,the thickness of the line and the position of the characteristic line.Combined with the graphic similarity calculation method,the relationship between the psychological difference of the subjects and the geometric differences in the icons is analyzed.Taking the ship icon as an example,It studies the perception degree of similarity by changing the internal line position of icons,which the contour shape of the structural layer is the same.The results of the search experiment show that when the line position is at the two ends of the icon,the similarity is low,and the subjects' search performance is higher.Finally,the principle of icon differential design is proposed.The internal features of the icons in the ship information public service platform are differentiated designed and the reliability of the design method is verified through the experimental results.At the same time,the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified according to the comparison between the visual search experiment results and the similarity calculation results.Experimental results show that,compared with line and area icon sets,the search performance of line and area mixed icon sets is the highest with the lower similarity.With the exponential growth of the icons in a search page,the accuracy rate of the subjects declined,as well as the search efficiency.In particular,according to the eye movement trajectory,it is analyzed that the significant improvement of the search performance of the line-area mixed icon group is related to the change of the visual search strategy.Based on the cognitive model in the search task,the priority of icon differentiation design strategy is further studied.The results indicate that differentiated design of icons with similar functions and different semantics based on the design principle of perceptual icon similarity can effectively help users to quickly identify icons and improve search performance.