Research And Design Of Post-quantum Cryptography Algorithm Chip Based On NewHope Protocol

In the past ten years,scientists have made breakthrough progress in the research of key technologies of quantum computers,which indicates that commercialized quantum computers will be used in various fields of national development in the near future.In addition,as early as 1994,mathematician and cryptographer Peter Shor already proposed a quantum algorithm that can solve the difficult problem of factorization of large numbers-Shor's algorithm,then in 1997,the mathematician Grove immediately proposed the Grove algorithm,a quantum search algorithm that can quickly calculate the difficult problem of discrete logarithms.Therefore,once practical quantum computers come out,coupled with quantum algorithms that can calculate quickly in a quantum computing environment,the information industry that uses traditional encryption algorithms as the underlying security will face serious threats.Then the emergence of quantum encryption algorithms provides a new guarantee for information security in the quantum computing era.Among the many post-quantum encryption algorithms,the post-quantum public-key encryption algorithm based on lattice theory makes it stand out among the many post-quantum encryption algorithm constructions due to its own advantages and has strong competitiveness.NewHope is one of the promising post-quantum public key encryption schemes based on lattice theory.This paper starts from HewHope,a post-quantum public key encryption algorithm based on lattice theory,and mainly does the following work:1.Established the algorithm C model of NewHope and verified the correctness of the algorithm function in Visual Studio;2.Define the system block diagram of the NewHope algorithm chip and the underlying hardware functions to be implemented;3.A new address generator and a new NTT hardware architecture are proposed to accelerate the multiplication calculation between integer coefficient polynomials;4.Define the data scheduling mechanism inside the NewHope chip and the required storage space and characteristics;5.In addition,the article also designed a software and hardware joint automatic simulation system,and used it for the first time in the simulation verification of the NewHope algorithm chip design,which not only improved the efficiency of the algorithm module simulation,but also ensured its functional correctness.The results show that the improved NTT hardware architecture can implement its calculation function in 1088 cycles on Xilinx's Artix-5 series FPGA,and the fastest calculation time is 4.9us,which is 16%and 9%higher than the current state-of-the-art NTT implementation,respectively.NewHope's key generation module and encryption and decryption module have also been verified on the same FPGA platform.Its average operating frequency can reach 290MHz and the functions are correct,which is nearly 31%higher than the current most advanced NewHope operating frequency.This embodies the advantages of the design of this article and completes the goal of the final chip design.