Changes In The Floating Population In Tibet

Tibet Autonomous Region is located at the southwest border of China,with an average altitude above 4,000 meters and an area of 1,228,400 square kilometers,covering an area second only to Xinjiang among 31 provinces and regions.With its vast territory and rich resources,but relatively lagging economic,social and demographic development,the Tibet Autonomous Region has always been highly valued by the state.As a typical ethnic gathering place in China,its important geographical location,unique topography,unique resources and humanistic environment have developed unique demographic structure and characteristics,and also influenced the migration and flow of population.An in-depth understanding of the characteristics of Tibetan migrant population and its change status since the new century is of great significance to enhance the demographic development of the region,drive the interaction,exchange and integration between Tibet and the mainland,and promote the rapid development of Tibetan economy,society and population.Based on the data of the fifth and sixth population censuses of Tibet Autonomous Region,this paper firstly analyzes the status of the Tibetan floating population and its change characteristics from the perspective of the inflow population;secondly,based on the data of the 2015-2017 floating population dynamic monitoring survey,it further analyzes the current situation and changes of the Tibetan floating population from the perspectives of both the inflow population and the outflow population;finally,based on the data of the floating population dynamic monitoring,the based on the inflow population,the residence intention of Tibet's inflow population and its influencing factors are explored.The main conclusions are as follows.Firstly,the main characteristics of the inflowing population in Tibet as revealed by the census data:the inflowing population in Tibet has increased by 22.56%since the new century,and the inflow rate has increased from 8.17%to 8.73%,and the inter-provincial inflow is much larger than the intra-regional flow;the gender ratio of the inflowing population is high;the education level is higher and the trend is on the rise;the places of origin of the inter-provincial inflowing population have not changed significantly,indicating that the population in these provinces and regions has formed a more stable flowing relationship with Tibet.Like other provinces and regions,"working and doing business" is also the most important reason for the inflow of Tibetan population,and the proportion is increasing.Second,the flow monitoring data show that:the average household size of the inter-provincial flow is higher than that of the intra-provincial flow;the gender ratio of the inflowing population is high,while the gender ratio of the outflowing population is decreasing year by year;the average years of education of the working-age flowing population is increasing year by year,but the average monthly household income and expenditure ratio of the flowing population has a decreasing trend;the average length of stay of the inflowing population and the outflowing population is rising in general,but it is fluctuating.Third,the willingness of Tibetan inflow population to stay:the proportion of Tibetan migrant population willing to stay in the inflow place for a long time is decreasing,and the proportion of those who do not want to or do not intend to stay for a long time is increasing;the data in 2015 and 2017 show that ethnic identity,type of hukou,marital status,range of mobility and their employment environment are common factors affecting the long-term stay of Tibetan inflow population.