| Background:With the rapid economic growth,changes in lifestyles and the aging of the population,the prevalence of diabetes is increasing rapidly worldwide.Regarding the research on the influencing factors of diabetes,in addition to obesity,high blood pressure,poor lifestyle and other factors,the changes in the length of sleep at day and at night also have certain effects on diabetes.In recent years,domestic and foreign scholars’conclusions on this research are inconsistent,and there is a lack of national epidemiological survey data as support.Purpose:This study will use the 2011 data from the baseline survey in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS)database of Peking University to present the distribution of the length of daytime napping and night sleep and diabetes in China,Analyze the impact of changes in the length of napping and nighttime sleep on the risk of diabetes.Methods:Using the 2011 data in the CHARLS database,the respondents’ blood test data and self-reported diabetes prevalence were used to divide them into the normal group and the diabetic group.The length of the daytime napping and night sleep were obtained through the respondent self-report.For enumeration data,the composition ratio(%)was used for statistical description,and the chi-square test was used for comparison between groups;according to this study,the variables were ordered categorical variables,so the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test was used.For the description of the measurement data,if the data distribution follows a normal distribution and the variances are uniform,the one-way analysis of variance is used for comparison between the study groups,and if this condition is not met,the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test is used.Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the impact of different stratified afternoon and night sleep durations on diabetes risk.In order to explore the potential impact of body mass index and waist circumference on risk,this study will establish three regression models for step-by-step analysis.Due to the complexity of data sampling in this study,sample weights were added during regression analysis to achieve equilibrium.Results:In the 12591 effective samples selected in this study,the average age of the respondents was 59.49 years old,the self-reported samples of daytime napping accounted for 53.47%,the average daytime napping duration was 32.93 minutes,and the average sleep duration at night was 6.34 hours;The average body mass index was 23.48 kg/m2,the average depression score was 7.62 points,and the average waist circumference was 84.32 cm.Cross-analysis of various variables and the length of the daytime napping under the total sample.Samples of college and above education level,married and spouse or partner living,quit smoking,and still drinking alcohol are more likely to report daytime napping habits;the length of the daytime napping is less than 30 minutes(Means±SD,59.98±9.26)and those over 90 minutes(60.19±9.81)were older than those with daytime napping of 30 to 90 minutes(59.70±9.65);those with no daytime napping had the highest depression score(8.09 ± 6.03),the longer the length of the daytime napping,the lower the depression score;the body mass index and waist circumference,the self-reported people with daytime napping habits are higher than the self-reported people without daytime napping habits,showing a "U-shape";The average nighttime sleep duration of the 90-minute group(6.41± 1.73)was lower than the two groups of 0 to 30 minutes(6.44± 1.89)and 90 minutes and above(6.77±1.87).Regardless of whether it is male or female,the distribution of each variable and the length of the daytime napping are the same as the trend of the total population sample.Cross-analysis of various variables and night sleep duration under the total sample.Samples of college and above education level,married and spouse or partner living,still smoking,still drinking alcohol,high blood pressure are more likely to report night sleep duration 7-8 hours;compared with the normal sleep duration group(7-8 hours),the average of age was increased whether the sleep duration decreased or increased;the self-reported night sleep duration was less than 6 hours(10.26±6.08);as the length of nighttime sleep increases,the mean value of depression score becomes smaller and smaller.When the nighttime sleep duration of the sample is in the range of 8-9 hours,the mean value is the lowest(6.03±5.16),and the nighttime sleep time exceeds 9 hours,the mean depression score improved slightly(6.58±5.32);For the changes in the average body mass index,waist circumference,and daytime napping,whether the sleep duration at night decreased or increased,the mean of the variables decreased accordingly,showing an "inverted U-shape".Under the gender stratification,regarding the change of the average age distribution:whether it is male or female,the self-reported nighttime sleep duration is within the range of 7-8 hours.The average age is the smallest.The longer the nighttime sleep duration is,the higher the average age of the samples is.The shorter the nighttime sleep duration,the higher the average depression status score,and the highest average depression status score for samples with less than 6 hours of nighttime sleep(male 9.09± 5.74;female 11.14± 6.19);about the change in the average body mass index:night sleep duration,the average bodymass index of the sample is the largest when grouping for 7 to 8 hours(male 23.34 ± 3.61;female 24.37 ± 4.24),the closer the sleep duration is,the smaller the average body mass index on both sides is,and the overall "inverted U-shape" appears;The greater the night sleep duration,the larger the average waist circumference of the sample.When the night sleep duration is 8-9 hours,the average waist circumference of the sample is the highest(male 84.67±12.14;female 85.13 ± 12.64),and the average waist circumference during night sleep exceeds 9 hours(male 84.02±11.77;female 84.69±10.58);the average waist circumference of the sample whose sleep duration at night is less than 6 hours is the lowest(male 82.58 ± 12.46;Female 83.99 ± 12.59);About the change of the average value of the daytime napping,under the stratification of men,with the continuous increase of the length of sleep at night,the average value of the sample daytime napping length fell slightly in the group of 7-8 hours of sleep at night,there is an upward trend.The average value of the nighttime sleep over 9 hours is the largest(45.27±51.04);under female stratification,the larger the average nighttime sleep duration,the larger the average sample lunchtime duration.(34.46±46.05).The chi-square test of the distribution of various variables and diabetes shows that under the total sample,age(P<0.01),smoking status(P<0.01),drinking status(P=0.05),hypertension(P<0.01),and depression status(P=0.008),body mass index(P<0.01),abdominal obesity(P<0.01),daytime napping(P<0.01)and night sleep(P<0.01)variables are associated with diabetes;under the male sample,age(P<0.01),Smoking status(P<0.01),hypertension(P<0.01),body mass index(P<0.01),abdominal obesity(P<0.01),daytime napping(P=0.014)and night sleep(P<0.01)variables and diabetes Correlation;female samples,age(P<0.01),drinking status(P=0.003),hypertension(P<0.01),depression status(P=0.009),body mass index(P<0.01),abdominal obesity(P<0.01),daytime napping(P<0.01)and night sleep(P<0.01)variables are associated with diabetes.The effect of daytime napping on the risk of diabetes:Compared with those who did not take a nap,the total daytime napping was divided into 30～90min(OR 1.17;95%CI 1.04-1.32)and ≥90min(OR 1.34;95%CI)1.14-1.56)The respondents’ risk of diabetes was 17%and 34%higher;the female sample population,compared with those who did not take a nap,had a daytime napping of ≥90min(OR 1.54;95%CI 1.24-1.91)The investigator’s risk of diabetes was up to 54%;To the male sample,this study gradually adjusted the regression analysis model,and finally found that the effect of daytime napping on diabetes risk was statistically significant.Effect of nighttime sleep duration on diabetes risk:Compared with the sleep duration control group(7～8h),the nighttime sleep duration was less than 6 hours(OR 1.48;95%CI 1.03-2.14)and more than 9 hours in the total sample population(OR 1.50;95%CI 1.23-1.86)respondents’ risk of diabetes was 48%and 50%higher respectively;in the male sample population,compared with the control group,the risk of diabetes was more 43%higher;compared with the control group of female sample populations,night sleep duration was less than 6 hours(OR 2.23;95%CI 1.46-3.38)and more than 9 hours(OR 1.54;95%CI 1.19-1.99)The risk of diabetes is 123%and 54%higher,respectively,and the overall is"U-shape".Conclusion:Both daytime napping and nighttime sleep have a positive correlation with the risk of diabetes.The longer the daytime napping,the higher the risk of diabetes.Especially pay attention to the female population with a daytime napping of more than 90 minutes;people who sleep less than 6 hours at night and more than 9 hours,have a higher risk of diabetes,especially women who sleep less than 6 hours at night. |
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