Research On The Current Situation And Development Countermeasures Of Dandong Donggang Mariculture Industry

In recent years,China’s total amount of aquaculture has occupied more than 70% of that of the globe,and the aquaculture area also leaped into the front ranks of that of the world.At present,China has been the largest country around the world that produces and exports aquatic products.Donggang is located in the eastern part of Liaodong Peninsula and the west side of the mouth of the Yalu River.Depending on the unique and excellent geographical conditions along the coast and surrounding the port,and rich waters and beaches resources,the marine aquaculture industry of Donggang has developed rapidly.As of 2020,the output of Donggang’s marine fishing industry is 21,390 tons,and that of the marine aquaculture industry is 322448 tons,far more than the output of the marine fishing industry.In 2020,the mariculture output of Dandong accounts for 89.4 of that of Dandong,accounts for 10.5% and 0.97% in Liaoning and China,respectively.Therefore,mariculture in Donggang,Liaoning is the main distribution area of mariculture in Dandong.The marine aquaculture industry has become an important pillar industry for Donggang’s social economy.However,for the past few years,a series of questions have also been exposed with the continuous development of the marine aquaculture industry in Donggang City,which restricts the advancement of its marine aquaculture industry to some extent.How to make the best of Donggang’s natural marine basic conditions to achieve the rapid development of Donggang’s marine aquaculture industry,combined with its economic and social development goals,has been an issue needed to be addressed by Donggang currently.This study conducted investigation and data collection of the fishery departments and various major mariculture enterprises in Donggang City,mainly including mariculture area,mariculture types,mariculture varieties,mariculture utilization and mariculture personnel situation,and processing and analysis of the survey data;moreover,the author made statistics of all the aquaculture data of Donggang’s marine aquaculture industry,analyzed the current development situation and existing problems of its mariculture,and proposed the corresponding suggestions and solutions.Above all,this paper reviewed and summarized the relevant documents,analyzed the characteristics of natural resources in Donggang City regarding its natural conditions,aquatic biological resources,seawater environment,the bearing capacities of waters and mudflats and other aspects based on the above investigation and analysis,together with the overview and features of its mariculture,and chose the representative enterprises for investigation to strive to reflect the existing situation of Donggang’s fishery industry in a more comprehensive and objective way.Secondly,based on questionnaire survey and case interview,etc.,this thesis focused on the existing problems and their causes of the marine aquaculture industry in Donggang City.The research found that the total area of mariculture in Donggang City in 2020 got a slight increase compared with that in 2011,with an annual growth rate of 3.2%,and the mariculture area did not change much in the nearly two decades;the mariculture varieties in Donggang City mainly included fishes,shrimps and crabs,shellfishes and other species.The mariculture area of fishes,shrimps and crabs,shellfishes and other species respectively accounted for 0.2%,2.5%,89.1%and 8.2% of the total.Shellfishes were the main varieties of mariculture in Donggang City,especially short-necked clams;between 2011 and 2020,the amount of mariculture in Donggang City was larger than that of marine fishing.Flounders,fenneropenaeus chinensis and short-necked clams were Donggang’s main mariculture species of fishes,shrimps and crabs and shellfishes.There were few mariculture species.The actual stocking density of the Venerupis Philippinarum in tidal flat of Donggang,has exceeded the optimal stocking capacity per unit area.Through enterprise interviews,it was found that there were genetical characterization decline phenomena in short-necked clams and rhopilema esculentums in Donggang City,and 3%of the total seedlings in Donggang are locally bred,97% of the seedlings come from the south,and there were problems such as the poor adaptability of the southern seedlings to the northern sea area.In addition,the jellyfish in Donggang was mainly the offspring of a cross between a variety imported from Jiangsu and a local variety.The inbreeding results in deterioration of the jellyfish GERMPLASM.At the same time,a high-density mariculture led to a decrease in the mariculture output.Investigation revealed that the employed persons of the marine aquaculture industry did not have very high overall qualities,89% of whom were the level of education below junior middle school.The structure of talents was not reasonable and the ageing problems of employed persons were serious.Those employed persons who were 45 years old or above took up 83%,and those who were 35 years old or below 4.5%.In Donggang City,the policies,standards and norms related to mariculture fell behind,so that it could not provide a timely and powerful protection for the rapid development of Donggang’s marine aquaculture industry.Finally,in response to the above problems,this paper brought forward the optimization strategies for the marine aquaculture industry in Donggang City.The research suggested to promote a kind of diversified mariculture by developing intensive mariculture,advocating green pools and industrialized healthful aquaculture and other means;to enrich mariculture species and strengthen product competitiveness starting from increasing mariculture species,and the diversity of shellfish varieties;to improve the quality of seedlings through the localization of breeding seedlings and reducing the introduction of southern seedlings;to increase breeding yield by reasonable planning of breeding density;to create reasonable talent teams,carry out talent training together with colleges and universities,and other methods through internal cultivation and external introduction to improve the technological level of the employed persons of mariculture in Donggang City;to complete the mariculture standards construction,and set up mariculture capacity management standards,food safety management system,and policies to reasonably guide the mariculture scale,realize the normalization of mariculture policies and regulations in Donggang City,and advance the rapid expansion of the marine aquaculture industry in Donggang City.