The Response Relationship Of Land Use Change To Ecosystem Services In Countries Along The “Belt And Road”

Ecosystems provide infrastructure assurance for human survival and development,to provide human natural resources and at the same time,also brought a series of has a very high value of service function,in recent years,with the overexploitation of human to the existing natural resources,ecological system is facing unprecedented challenges,and all the way "area" of economic policy makes people begin to pay close attention to this vast range,complex terrain,diverse climate,at the same time special regional ecological system is fragile.The sustainable development of the ecosystem in the "One Belt And One Road" region will directly affect the environmental health of the countries along the routes and even the countries all over the world.Therefore,through the study of land use type change in the region and the corresponding ecosystem services,is conducive to understand the "area" area of the specific conditions of different countries,and then according to the environmental problems faced by different countries,provide the corresponding theoretical support,and provide some reference for national environmental governance.In this study,"One Belt And One Road" region was taken as the study area,and the land use type map from 2007 to 2016 was used as the basic data source to comprehensively analyze the distribution of land use types in the region and the dynamic changes among them at different spatial scales.At the same time based on MODIS ND VI data analysis of the 2007?2016-all the way "area" regional spatial and temporal variation characteristics of vegetation cover,combined with the land cover data and meteorological data,from seven regional scale vegetation growth response to climate change are analyzed,finally using InVEST model to evaluate carbon storage in the study area,water rate,analyzing the space-time distribution and change situation.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The results of land use change show that,from 2007 to 2016,five countries in Central Asia and 11 countries in Southeast Asia have great changes.The urbanization process has strengthened,and the area of land use types with certain ecosystem service functions,such as woodland and grassland,has an increasing trend.Moreover,there is a close relationship between the variation trend of different regions and the "One Belt And One Road" economic policy.During 2013?2016,the changes are significantly different from those before,among which 5 countries in Central Asia,11 countries in Southeast Asia,19 countries in Central and Eastern Europe and China are affected significantly.Among the changes of land use types,cultivated land,woodland and grassland were the most active,and there were significant changes in all the seven subregions.In the seven sub-regions,the change of 11 countries in Southeast Asia and 19 countries in Central and Eastern Europe is more active,showing a strong flow intensity,followed by 8 countries in South Asia,5 countries in Central Asia and China.Mongolia,Russia,South Asia,the Middle East 19 countries region lowest.(2)The vegetation coverage of "One Belt And One Road" region showed significant spatial differences,which was generally high in the east and low in the west,high in the south and north,and low in the middle.The average measured NDVI in"One Belt And One Road" area is 0.5716.Normalized vegetation index(NDVI)in Southeast Asia was the highest,with an average value of 0.8257.Central and Eastern Europe followed,with an average of 0.7487;The average value of NDVI in Russia and Mongolia is 0.6673,that in South Asia is 0.5248,that in China is 0.5024,that in Central Asia is 0.3346,and that in West Asia and Middle East is the lowest,only 0.2081.(3)NDVI of different vegetation types also varied to different degrees.According to the normalized vegetation index(NDVI),there are evergreen broadleaved forest,deciduous broad-leaved forest,sheltered shrub forest,mixed forest,deciduous coniferous forest,evergreen coniferous forest,forested grassland,Mosaic of farmland and natural vegetation,savanna,farmland,permanent wetland,sparse shrub forest and grassland in descending order.(4)Southeast Asia is the main carbon source and water producing region of One Belt And One Road,while Central Asia and the Middle East are weak in carbon sequestration and water producing capacity.The highest unit carbon sequestration of forest land was 13215 t/km2,and the highest water production capacity of grassland was 4035.04 t/km2.The carbon sequestration service of "One Belt And One Road" was significantly correlated with temperature and NDVI.The overall water production service of "One Belt And One Road" has a low correlation with temperature,precipitation and NDVI,and temperature and NDVI are relatively significant influencing factors.Water production capacity in China and the Middle East is related to precipitation and temperature.