| Objective: To further explore the characteristics of sensitization spectrum of respiratory allergic diseases by measuring the allergens of patients with respiratory allergic diseases（allergic rhinitis and asthma）in Yulin area,and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of respiratory allergic diseases in this area.At the same time,the lung function indexes,peripheral blood T cells,B cells,NK cells and total IgE（TIgE）levels were detected in all asthma patients with different sensitization modes to explore the differences of these indexes in asthma patients with different sensitization modes.Methods: 1.A total of 299 patients with respiratory allergic diseases（including allergic rhinitis and asthma）were enrolled in the first Hospital of Yulin.All asthmatic patients were included in the asthma group（40 cases）and healthy controls（31cases）.Special forms were used to record the basic information of patients with respiratory allergic diseases and healthy people.2.Determination of allergens in patients with respiratory allergic diseases by Ommun blotting.Asthma group was divided into non-sensitized group,sensitized group,Artemisia pollen group and other groups according to the number and type of allergens.3.Serum of asthma patients and healthy people before treatment were collected,and the peripheral blood immune cells of asthma group and healthy control group were detected by flow cytometry,and the differences of peripheral blood immune cells between asthma group and healthy control group and asthma patients with different sensitization modes were compared.The TIgE in peripheral blood of asthma group was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and lung function index in asthma group was measured by pulmonary function instrument.The differences of lung function and peripheral blood TIgE in asthma patients with different sensitization modes were compared.4.SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used to analyze all the collected data.P<0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant.Results: 1.In 299 patients with respiratory allergic diseases,artemisia pollen had the highest positive rate,and the specific IgE concentration was mainly in grade 3-5,followed by Marine fish combination and freshwater fish combination.The positive rate of allergen in inhalation group was higher than that in ingestion group.Among patients who tested positive for allergens,68% had at least two combinations of allergens.The allergen positive rate of allergic rhinitis was higher than that of asthma.2.Compared with the healthy control group,the levels of PERIPHERAL blood B cells,CD4/CD8 ratio and CD4+T cells were higher in the asthma group,while the levels of CD8+T cells were lower,showing statistical differences.3.The levels of PERIPHERAL blood B cells and TIgE in the sensitized group were higher than those in the non-sensitized group,and the differences were statistically significant.The LEVELS of T cells in the sensitized group and the non-sensitized group were in equilibrium.4.The FEV1% PRED of the sensitized group was lower than that of the non-sensitized group,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion: 1.Artemisia pollen is the main allergen in Yulin area,and its specific IgE concentration grade is mainly medium-high,and the disease rate of inhaled allergens is higher than that of ingested allergens in this area.Mixed allergen sensitization is more common in patients with respiratory allergic diseases,and allergic rhinitis has a higher incidence than asthma.The determination of allergens can not only identify allergenic substances,but also provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of respiratory allergic diseases in this area.2.There are differences in B cells,CD4+T cells,CD4/CD8 ratio and CD8+T cells in peripheral blood between asthmatic patients and healthy people,which proves that there are disorders of both T cells and B cells in asthmatic patients,indicating that the disorder of peripheral blood T cells and B cells is related to the occurrence of asthma.3.The levels of B cells and TIgE in peripheral blood of asthmatic patients with different number of allergens are different,indicating that whether allergens are positive is related to the changes of B cells and TIgE in peripheral blood of asthmatic patients.Therefore,attention should be paid to the differences in immune response status of asthmatic patients with different number of allergens.4.There were differences in FEV1%PRED levels in asthma patients with different allergens,indicating that whether allergens are positive or not is related to the change of lung function in asthma patients.Compared with non-allergens,multiple or single allergens may have a stronger impact on airway injury and airway remodeling in patients. |
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