Analysis Of Audiological Performance In Patients With Age-Related Hearing Loss

Objective To characterize the results of pure tone audiometry,acoustic immittance test and auditory brainstem response in age related hearing loss(ARHL)population,and explore the influencing factors.Methods The results of 3159 pure tone audiometry,2721 acoustic immittance test results,271 ARHL patients and 12 elderly healthy hearing populations were retrospectively analyzed after screening in PLA hospital.Results 1.The overall hearing curve of ARHL patients showed a high frequency decline type,the fastest decline in males at 2-4kHz,and the fastest decline in females at 4-8kHz.Except for 125Hz,the pure tone hearing thresholds of females were better than those of males;age group comparison found that the hearing thresholds of females at 2k-8kHz were lower than those of males in the 61-70-year-old group(P<0.0.5);The hearing thresholds of 4kHz and 8kHz were lower than those of males(P<0.05);in the age group of 81-90,the hearing thresholds of females at 4kHz were lower than those of males(P<0.05).The comparison of hearing thresholds among each age group showed that there were statistical differences(P<0.001).Excluding the gender factor,it was found that the male 61-70-year-old group and the 71-80-year-old group had statistical differences in all frequencies except 4kHz(P<0.05);There was a statistical difference(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of each age group among females(P<0.05).There was gender difference in the distribution of hearing curve types(P<0.05),but no age difference(P=0.163).2.There was no significant difference in age and gender between A-type and non-A-type tympanogram(P>0.05),but the pure tone hearing threshold of the former was better than that of the latter(P<0.001).Taking single-frequency sound reflection extraction as the standard,in addition to gender(P=0.394),age,type of hearing curve,type of tympanogram and degree of hearing loss were all influencing factors(P<0.001).Taking full-frequency sound reflection as the standard,age,gender,type of hearing curve,type of tympanogram and degree of hearing loss were all influencing factors(P<0.05).3.Comparing ARHL population with hearing-conscious population in the same age group,except for I wave(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in latency and wave interval(P>0.05).In ARHL population,the latency,of females was shorter than that of males(P<0.001);and the latency was affected by age(P<0.05);the latency of Ⅰ and Ⅴ waves increased with the aggravation of hearing loss(P<0.05),while the latency of wave Ⅲ was not affected by age(P<0.05).effect(P=0.146);I wave latency was not affected by the type of hearing curve(P=0.286),while Ⅲ and V waves(P<0.05)were affected.In the investigation of the influencing factors of wave interval,female wave interval was shorter than that of male(P<0.05);latency was not affected by age(P>0.05);Ⅰ-Ⅲ and Ⅲ-Ⅴ wave intervals were affected by the degree of hearing loss(P<0.05),the Ⅰ-Ⅴ wave interval was not affected(P>0.05);the wave interval was not affected by the type of hearing curve(P>0.05).Conclusion 1.There are differences in the frequency range of the fastest hearing change in ARHL patients of different genders.Compared with males,females have better hearing at all ages,but the gender advantage decreases with age.The rate of hearing loss in patients of all genders increased with age,but the hearing loss was more pronounced in females.Gender is a factor that affects the distribution of various types of hearing curves in patients,but age is not.2.When different elicitation conditions are used as the standard,the differences in gender factors suggest that females have better stapedius muscle reflex in a wider frequency range than males,and retain better acoustic reflex function.Summarizing two criteria,acoustic reflex elicitation was influenced by age,gender,degree of hearing loss,and tympanic conditions.3.The difference in I wave latency between ARHL patients and hearing patients in the same age group may be that the hearing patients retain better nerve fiber function at the cochlear end of the auditory nerve.Latency and wave interval in females were shorter than those in males.Age only affected the incubation period and had no significant effect on wave interval.The effect of hearing loss on the origin of Ⅰ,Ⅲ,and Ⅴ waves varies.High-frequency partial hearing loss has a significant effect on latency,but not interwave.