| ObjectiveThis study conducted multiple follow-ups and interventions for the screened 35-75 year olds at high risk of cardiovascular disease(Cardiovascular Desease,CVD)to understand the high-risk characteristics of CVD high-risk populations in Zhongmou County,Henan Province,and to study and evaluate the intervention effects of CVD high-risk populations,To explore the factors that affect the intervention effect of CVD high-risk groups,and provide reference and basis for the evaluation of cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment.MethodIn this study,a multi-stage random sampling method was used to screen 12332 permanent residents aged 35-75 in Zhongmou County for CVD high-risk populations(judgment criteria are based on the standards set by the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases in accordance with relevant data and procedures,mainly based on blood pressure,blood lipids,Disease history,scores of risk factors for cardiovascular disease).The short-term follow-up management and the long-term follow-up management were carried out for the population identified as high-risk subjects in the preliminary screening.The high-risk population who finally completed the study was 2,633.The sample size was calculated based on the change in the proportion before and after the "fresh vegetable eating rate" intervention.Meet the minimum number of people analyzed.Follow-up and comprehensive intervention management were carried out on 2633 cases of high-risk population of CVD detected.The content of intervention included lifestyle advice,primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.All data uses SPSS 21.0 statistical software for data related description and statistical analysis.The description of count data is expressed by rate or composition ratio.Cochran’s Q test and Dunn’s test(corrected by Bonferroni method)are used for comparison between different times.Compare.The measurement data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.Single-factor repeated measures analysis of variance is used for comparison between different times,and Bonferroni method is used for post-hoc comparison.P<0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant.All survey subjects participated voluntarily and signed an informed consent form.Result1.The detection rate of high-risk CVD in Zhongmou County,Henan Province is 23.14%,of which there are more women(53.9%),older age(concentrated in 60-69 years old),and a relatively high proportion of illiteracy(43.2%).2.Individualized comprehensive intervention can change the living habits and some dietary habits of high-risk groups of CVD,such as reducing the proportion of smoking and drinking;increasing the frequency of eating fresh vegetables and exercising.However,some unhealthy eating habits cannot be changed,such as eating less meat,miscellaneous grains,and pickled vegetables.3.There were differences in the behavioral changes of people at high risk of CVD who often eat meat,often eat miscellaneous grains,often eat fresh vegetables,and often eat pickled vegetables(P<0.001).The rate of eating animal meat for 3 years of intervention(4.8%)was significantly higher than that before intervention(2.1%);the rate of eating miscellaneous grains for 3 years of intervention(2.6%)was significantly lower than that before intervention(8.2%);the rate of fresh vegetables for 3 years of intervention(98.2%)Significantly higher than before the intervention(94.1%);the rate of eating pickled vegetables for 3 years of intervention(1.4%)was significantly higher than that of 3 months of intervention(0.4%).4.There was a difference in the changes of amateur participation in exercise among high-risk groups of CVD(P<0.001).The rate of exercise during the three years of intervention(11.7%)was significantly higher than that before the intervention(5.7%),which was statistically significant(P<0.001),suggesting that amateur participation in exercise behavior increased significantly and the intervention effect was good.5.Through 3-year comprehensive intervention,the sedentary time of people at high risk of CVD increased by 9.74 min(P<0.05)compared with before the intervention,suggesting that the intervention effect was average.6.Through 3-year comprehensive intervention,the weight and waist circumference of the high-risk population of CVD dropped by 1.41kg and 4.28cm respectively compared with before the intervention(P<0.05),indicating that the intervention effect is good.7.Through 3-year comprehensive intervention,the diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,and heart rate of the high-risk population of CVD dropped by 12.72mmHg,13.27mmHg,4.53(times/min),respectively,indicating that the intervention effect is good.Conclusion1.The detection rate of high-risk CVD in Zhongmu County,Henan Province is close to 25%.Residents should pay more attention to their blood pressure and blood lipid changes.2.Individualized comprehensive intervention can change the living habits and some eating habits of high-risk groups of CVD,such as reducing the proportion of smoking and drinking;increasing the frequency of eating fresh vegetables and exercising.But it is not possible to change the bad eating habits,such as eating less meat,miscellaneous grains,and pickled vegetables.3.Individualized comprehensive intervention can effectively improve the self-management ability of CVD high-risk groups,improve their lifestyles,and reduce the waist circumference,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and heart rate values of high-risk groups,and gradually reach an ideal stable state.4.Aiming at the characteristics of high-risk subjects in Zhongmou County,Henan Province,such as low education level,high proportion of the elderly,less active participation in physical exercise and unreasonable diet,it is very necessary to adopt individualized and targeted interventions,which can significantly increase CVD Intervention and control effects of risk factors.5.Extending the intervention time and increasing the number of interventions can achieve better intervention effects. |
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