A Longitudinal Research On Occupational Adaptability,health And Intention To Stay Of Newly Graduated Nurses In Tertiary Hospitals

ObjectiveBased on the person-environment fit theory,the purpose of this study was to examine the situation and trends of newly-graduated nurses’ occupational adaptability,health and intention to stay in their first year of practice through longitudinal studies through longitudinal studies.To explore the relationship among the occupational adaptability,health and intention to stay at different time.And then the influence of occupational adaptability and health on retention intention in different periods was analyzed.It is expected to provide references for managers to improve the occupational adaptability of new graduates,enhance intention to stay,and build a stable and healthy team of new nurses.Methods1.This longitudinal study was conducted from July 2019 to August 2020.The cluster sampling method was used to select the sample and 341 newly graduated nurses from 5 tertiary hospitals in Qingdao were selected as the research objects.They were investigated by general information questionnaire,self-report inventory of the professional adaptability,sub-health measurement scale version 1.0 and the questionnaire of Chinese version of nurse intention to remain employed were used to carry out during new nurse’s first,third,sixth and ninth months of working.The collected data was analyzed and processed using SPSS 25.0 software.Descriptive statistical analysis was used to describe the general information of the research object and the scores of each scale.The differences of occupational adaptability,health and retention intention of new nurses in general information at different time were analyzed by independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA.Pearson correlation,repeated variance measurement and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the horizontal and longitudinal relationship among occupational adaptability,health and retention intention of new nurses in their first year of employment,as well as the dynamic change trend,and the influence of occupational adaptation ability and health on retention intention at different time.Results1.The scores of newly graduated nurses’ occupational adaptability in their first month of employment was(95.76±12.69),the score of their third month was(96.10±13.05),the score of their sixth month was(99.07±12.74),and the score of their twelfth month was(101.85±11.95).The sub-health detection rate of newly graduated nurses at each time was 80.35%,86.51%,82.4%,90.03%,respectively.And the sub-health scores were(73.14±11.77),(69.75±12.38),(71.50±12.44)and(68.09±12.55),respectively.The scores of intention to stay at each time were(24.87±2.62),(22.67±3.09),(23.88±2.93)and(22.47±3.25).2.Factors analysis of influencing the occupational adaptability of newly graduated nurses at different time: The main influencing factors of occupational adaptability at T1 were education background,household registration and self-assessment of adaptation.The main influencing factors of occupational adaptability at T2 were education background,household registration,employment form,rotation department,number of night shift and self-assessment of adaptation.The main influencing factors of occupational adaptability at T3 were education background,household registration,rotation department,working hours,overtime hours,teaching mode,absence due to illness and self-assessment of adaptation.The main factors affecting occupational adaptability at T4 are education background,household registration,employment form,rotation department,working hours,teaching mode,absence due to illness and self-assessment of adaptation.3.The influencing factors on the health of newly graduated nurses at different time:the main influencing factors of health at T1 were education background,household registration,working hours,overtime hours,teaching mode,and self-assessment of adaptation.The main influencing factors of health status at T2 were gender,education background,household registration,employment form,rotation department,working hours,overtime hours,number of night shift,absence due to illness and self-assessment of adaptation.The main influencing factors of health status at T3 were household registration,rotation department,working hours,overtime hours,number of night shift,teaching mode,absence due to illness and self-assessment of adaptation.The main influencing factors of health at T4 were gender,household registration,employment form,working hours,overtime hours,number of night shift,teaching mode,absence due to illness,and selfassessment of adaptation.4.The influencing factors of intention to stay of newly graduated nurses at different time: the main influencing factors of retention intention at T1 were gender,household registration and self-assessment of adaptation.The influencing factors of intention to stay intention at T2 were gender,education background,household registration,rotation department,number of night shift,and self-assessment of adaptation.The main influencing factors of intention to stay at T3 were gender,household registration,overtime hours,absence due to illness,self-assessment of adaptation.The main influencing factors of retention intention at T4 were education background,household registration,rotation department,absence due to illness and self-assessment of adaptation.5.There was a positive correlation between occupational adaptability and intention to stay of newly graduated nurses at each time in their first year of practice(r=0.418~0.528,P<0.05).There was also a positive correlation between sub-health and intention to stay at all time(r=0.460~0.499,P<0.05).And the occupational adaptability of newly graduated nurses at every time was also positively correlated with the overall subhealth(r=0.589~0.689,P<0.05).Besides,there was also a chronological correlation among occupational adaptability,health and intention to stay at different period(r=0.205~0.631,P<0.05).6.The scores of occupational adaptability of newly graduated nurses in their first year of employment all showed an upward trend,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The overall sub-health showed a fluctuating trend of decreasing first,then increasing and then decreasing,and the difference was statistically significant,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The intention to stay of newly graduated nurses in their first year of practice showed a fluctuating trend,with a decreasing trend at T1~T2,an increasing trend at T2~T3,and a decreasing trend at T3~T4,with statistical significance(P<0.05).7.The results of multiple linear regression showed that occupational adaptability and sub-health significantly affected the intention to stay at each time(F=13.199~44.237,P<0.05).And with the increase of time,the effect degree of occupational adaptability and sub-health on the intention to stay also increases(β=0.199~0.322,P<0.05;β=0.222~0.365,P<0.05).ConclusionsThe occupational adaptability of newly graduated nurses in their first year of employment was at a moderate level and the health condition was above average.The intention to stay of newly graduated nurses in their first year of work was also above the average level;Newly graduated nurses with different characteristics showed different differences at different time.Occupational adaptability,health and retention intention were positively correlated horizontally and vertically,and showed a dynamic change trend in the first year.As time goes on,the impact of occupational adaptability and health on the intention to stay of newly graduated nurses also increased.