| Objective:To investigate the clinical epidemiological characteristics of children with pertussis and the infection of their close family contacts.Methods:The clinical data of children with pertussis and the etiological detection results of close family contacts in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from 2015 to 2018 were collected and descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out.Results:A total of 2716 cases of pertussis in children were reported in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from 2015 to 2018,with 504 cases,425 cases,796 cases and 991cases per year,respectively.The most cases was in May 2015(72 cases),in August 2016and 2018(68 cases in 2016 and 144 cases in 2018),and in July 2017(115 cases).A total of 1517 boys and 1199 girls were reported in the past 4 years,the ratio of male-to-female is 1.27:1.The proportion of children under 1 year old was 79.71%(2165/2716),of which74.36%(1610/2165)was less than 6 months old.Among the reported cases,1605(59.09%)were treated as outpatients,aged 5(3,11)months,and 1111(40.91%)were hospitalized,aged 4(2,7)months.There were 876 outpatients(54.41%)and 734inpatients(45.59%)under 6 months of age,575 outpatients(63.47%)and 331 inpatients(36.53%)between 6 months and 2 years of age,and 154 outpatients(77.00%)and 46inpatients(23.00%)with above 2 years old,respectively.There were statistically significant differences among the three groups of children in outpatient and inpatient treatment distribution(X~2=48.304,P<0.001).The average hospitalization time of inpatients under 6 months of age was(8.45±3.90)days,that of inpatients between 6months and 2 years of age was(7.14±3.72)days,and that of inpatients above 2 years old was(6.80±3.32)days.There was significant difference in hospitalization days among the three age groups(F=17.09,P<0.001).Among the confirmed cases of pertussis reported,there was one case of recurrent pertussis whose first onset of pertussis occurred 3 years after completion of four doses of DTa P.The interval between two pertussis episodes in this case was 1.5 years.The etiological test results of pertussis were collected from 617 close family contacts of 270 reported cases,including 249 mothers,130 grandparents,146 fathers,60brothers and sisters,and 32 others(including uncle,aunt,father’s sister,mother’s brother,wife of mother’s brother,mother’s sister,grandaunt,nanny).The number of positive cases and positive rate were 87(34.94%),34(26.15%),36(24.66%),11(18.33%)and 5(15.63%),respectively.Mother’s positive detection rate is significantly higher than other groups,there were statistically significant differences among the groups(X~2=12.178,P=0.016).Conclusion:In the past 4 years,the number of reported cases of pertussis in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital fluctuated and increased year by year,with high incidence in summer and autumn,mainly in children under 1 year old,and more males than females.Outpatient treatment was more than inpatient treatment,and the age was significantly older than inpatient treatment.The younger the children,the higher the rate of hospitalization,and with the increase of the age of hospitalized children,the length of hospitalization was significantly shortened.Pertussis can be reinfected after natural infection,and vaccination don’t get lifetime immunity.Among close family contacts with reported cases of pertussis in children,the mother has the highest rate of infection and may be a main source of pertussis infection in children. |
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