| Objective: Cataract is the main cause of blindness and visual impairment worldwide,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Ultraviolet radiation is one of the main reasons for the development of cataracts.According to the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)Survey data,it is found that cataract disability-adjusted life years are different in different regions and races.The United States and Europe are the lowest in the Caucasus region,and the Asian region is mainly Mongolian and the Nigros.The predominant species in Africa are higher.In addition to factors such as latitude,ground reflectivity,and altitude that affect the intensity of UV exposure in the eyes,the sun’s altitude angle and facial anatomy also play a vital role.This study established a functional relationship model between the solar altitude angle and the intensity of the ocular ultraviolet exposure,fully expressing the level of the ocular ultraviolet exposure intensity of the Caucasus,Mongolia,and Nigros within different solar altitude angles,which is the follow-up ocular ultraviolet radiation dose Quantitative evaluation provides a reference basis.Methods: Constructed a three-dimensional 3D facial model of Caucasus,Mongolia,and Negro,and constructed an eye UV exposure monitoring model.The field was carried out in Sanya,Hainan Province,China(18.25°N latitude,109.51°E,8 meters above sea level)from April to May 2018 On-site monitoring of ultraviolet exposure of the eyes,from 7:00 to 17:00,with each model facing the sun as the actual position of rotation,adjust the rotating speed of the turntable to make it rotate clockwise at a constant speed to obtain 60 instantaneous data of ultraviolet radiation intensity,using "Ava Soft 7.6 for USB2.0" software calculates the ultraviolet radiation intensity data of the entire wavelength,and finally integrates the 315-400 nm and 300-315 nm bands to obtain the UVA and UVB band ultraviolet radiation intensity values.Use IBM SPSS22.0 software to use analysis of variance to compare the differences in UV exposure intensity of the eyes of the Caucasus,Mongolia and Nigro;construct the calculation model of the UV exposure intensity function for the eyes of the Caucasus,Mongolia and Nigro;to compare each model Use measured data to verify,use analysis of variance and correlation analysis to test the difference between the model calculated value and the measured value.Results: The daily changes of the maximum and average exposure intensities of the eyes of the Caucasian,Mongolian,and Nigro facial models showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of solar altitude.Among them,UVA has more obvious changes,while UVB has a relatively flat trend.The maximum and average exposure intensity levels of UVA and UVB are greater for women than for men.After analysis of variance,it was found that the facial models of the Caucasian,Mongolian and Nigros had the largest ultraviolet rays and the average exposure intensity was statistically different among races and genders.At the ethnic level,the exposure intensity of the Caucasian race was the least,and the Mongolian race Greater than the Caucasian race,the Nigro race has the greatest exposure intensity;at the gender level,the exposure intensity of women is greater than that of men.The pattern of changes in the UV exposure intensity of the three facial models of the Caucasian,Mongolian and Nigro shows that the two sexes have obvious differences within the range of 180° facing the sun,and the changes on the nasal side are more severe than on the temporal side,in the large solar altitude range At this time,the occlusion effect of the orbital structure of the male face disappears before the female.A function calculation model was established for the maximum and average exposure intensities of the three species of Caucasus,Mongolia,and Nigro and their sexes in the UVA and UVB bands.The model was divided into three parts according to the daytime variation of solar altitude.The first part is the model: A linear model with a positive slope,the second part is a parabolic model with an opening downward,and the third part is a parabolic model with an upward opening.Analysis of variance and correlation analysis were performed on the constructed models.The results showed that the calculated value of the model was not statistically different from the measured value,and the correlation was relatively strong.Conclusion: The calculation model of the UV exposure intensity function of the Caucasus,Mongolia and Nigros trio eyes constructed based on the monitoring data is reliable and can be used for comparative studies of the UV exposure intensity of the Caucasus,Mongolia and Nigros trio eyes in different latitudes around the world. |
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