| Objective To improve the understanding of clinical,echocardiography and electrocardiogram of dilated cardiomyopathy,and to provide powerful first-hand clinical data for the improvement of the diagnosis and treatment of DCM,we summary and analysis of the data of DCM patients admitted to the general hospital of Ning Xia Medical University,and to comparison with relevant data at home and abroad.Methods To collecte and to analyze statistically the date about’ general information、echocardiography related parameters,、 the types of arrhythmia 、 treatment 、 abnormal electrocardiogram like abnormal ST-T 、abnormal Q wave,prolonged QT interval and the frequency of occurrence and their distribution in each lead.All the DCM patients were admitted to the general hospital of Ning Xia Medical University Cardiology department from January 2011 to September 2019.Results 1.A total of 148 eligible DCM patients were enrolled.Among them,there were97 males and 51 females,with a ratio of 1.9:1.The oldest was 76 years old and the youngest was 20 years old,.The average age of all the patients was 55.4±11.6 years old,with 52.6±12.1years old for males and 60.2±8.6 years old for females.2.Shortness of breath was the most common first symptoms in 84 cases(56.8%)of DCM followed by chest pain in 13 cases(8.8%).The main sign was left enlargement of the heart boundary in 109 cases(73.6%),followed by edema of the eyelids or lower extremities in 11cases(7.4%).3.The complication of DCM:There were 49 cases of hyperlipidemia(33.1%),27 cases of diabetes or abnormal glucose tolerance(18.1%),17 cases of coronary atherosclerosis(11.5%),15 cases of hypertension(10.1%),and 10 cases(6.8%)of obesity or fatty liver,respectively.4.According to the New York heart association(New York heart association,NYHA),all the cases were divided intoⅠ-Ⅳlevel,the number were,7 cases(4.7%),71cases(48.0%,),48 cases(32.4%)22cases(14.9%)respectively.5.In echocardiography,the mean values of echocardiographic parameters of all cases were : Left ventricle end diastolic dimension(LVEDD)67.52±6.92mm、Left ventricle end systolic dimension(LVESD)67.52±6.92mm、Left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV)235.47±58.19ml、Left ventricle end systolic volume(LVESV)、155.39±55.43ml、left ventricle ejection fraction(LVEF)33.55±10.17%、Left Ventricular Fraction Shortening(LVFS)17.82±6.04% respectively.6.There were 116 cases(78.4%)with different types of arrhythmias.PVC is the most common one,with 76 cases(51.4%),of which 32 cases were incidental and 44 cases were frequent.The second one was atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter 25 cases(16.9%),including 17 paroxysmal cases,8 persistent cases,and there are 22 complete left bundle branch block(14.9%).7.There were 81 cases(54.7%)of abnormal ST-T in ECG(14 cases of ST segment elevation、14 cases of ST segment depression、51 cases of T wave flat and/or inverted、7 cases of T wave bidirectional、2 cases of T wave high tip),,9 cases of abnormal Q wave;3 cases of Prolonged QT interval.ST-segment abnormalities are mostly in the extensive anterior wall and anterior wall,and abnormal Q waves are mostly in the inferior wall.8.The usage rate of anti-heart failure(HF)drugs were: β-blocker 133cases(89.9%)、ACEI/ARB124 cases(83.7%)、 aldosterone receptor antagonist(ALD)143 cases(96.6%)、diuretic145 cases(97.9%)、digoxin drug 55 cases(37.2%),with 45 patients(30.4%)were treated with a combination of all the five drugs and 114 patients(77.0%)were treated withβ-blocker、ACEI/ARB and ALD.9.There were 29 patients had indications for ICD or CRT implantation,with 15 cases had implantation include 12 cases for ICD implantation and 3 cases for CRT implantation.Heart structure and function in patients received CRT implantation can be improved in a short period of time.Conclusion1.Male was more common than female in patients with DCM.2.Cardiac function of NYHA classification is given priority toⅡand Ⅲ.3.Shortness of breath was the most common first symptoms,and the anterior chest is the following one.4.The main signs were enlargement of the heart boundary and edema of the eyelid and lower limb.5.Hyperlipidemia,hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the more common concomitant diseases.6.Enlargement of left ventricle with EF reduction was the main feature of echocardiography in patients with DCM.7.DCM presents often have various types of arrhythmias,most of which are premature ventricular beats,atrial fibrillation and complete left bundle branch block.8.ST segment abnormalities was the mostly electrocardiology abnormalities.ST-segment abnormalities are mostly in the extensive anterior wall and anterior wall,and abnormal Q waves are the mostly in the inferior wall.9.DCM patients are mainly treated with anti-heart failure therapy.The combined usage of β-blockers、ACEI/ARB and ALD drugs was not ideal,and about 1/3 cases use five kinds of anti-heart failure drugs together.10.Heart structure and function in patients received CRT implantation can be improved in a short period of time. |
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