Investigation Of Oral Condition In Patients With Cerebrovascular Disease

Objective: To investigate and analyze the oral diseases of patients with cerebrovascular disease,and to analyze and compare the characteristics of oral diseases in patients with ischemic stroke and non ischemic stroke.Methods: 498 outpatients and inpatients from May 2020 to February2021 in the Department of Neurology,The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University were selected as the research objects to investigate the oral diseases.The general clinical data of all patients were collected,including age,gender,weight,height,drinking history,smoking history,past medical history(hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia),education level(divided into < 9years and ≥ 9 years),oral hygiene habits(frequency of brushing teeth,history of cleaning treatment),etc.The periodontal conditions(PLI,GI,PD,CAL)of all patients were analyzed,According to the degree of periodontal lesions,the patients were divided into no periodontal disease,gingivitis,mild periodontitis,moderate periodontitis,severe periodontitis,and the oral conditions such as tooth loss and dental caries were examined and recorded.All data were processed by SPSS23.0 statistical analysis software,and the test level wasα=0.05(both sides),and P<0.05 was statistically significant.The independent sample t test was used to compare the measurement data,and the chi-square test was used to compare the enumeration data.Meanwhile,Logistic regression and correlation analysis were conducted.Results:1.Among the 498 neurology patients,281 were cerebrovascular diseases,including 198 ischemic stroke patients,45 intracerebral hemorrhage patients,and 38 subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.217 patients with non cerebrovascular diseases,including 109 patients with migraine,76 patients with sleep disorder,32 patients with epilepsy;The number of patients with ischemic stroke was the largest among all the patients,and the proportion of patients with the combination of ischemic stroke with periodontal disease,dental caries and tooth loss was significantly higher than that of other groups.2.The general clinical data of ischemic stroke group and non ischemic stroke group were compared.The results showed that there was no significant difference in age,sex ratio,family history of stroke,drinking history and BMI between the two groups(P>0.05).The proportion of patients with hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,smoking and education level(<9 years)in ischemic stroke group was significantly higher than that in non ischemic stroke group,and the oral hygiene habits(less frequency of brushing teeth and low proportion of cleaning treatment history)were significantly different from those in non ischemic stroke group(P<0.05).3.The results showed that the prevalence of periodontal disease and dental caries was 66.1% and 15.6% respectively in ischemic stroke group,while 32.2% and 5.6% respectively in non ischemic stroke group.After comparison,it was found that the prevalence of these two diseases was higher in the ischemic stroke group(P<0.05);the proportion of severe periodontitis in the two groups was 37.8% and 12.1%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).4.The results showed that the average number of missing teeth,PLI,GI and PD were significantly different between ischemic stroke group and non ischemic stroke group(P<0.05);the proportion of patients with severe missing teeth was more in ischemic stroke group(P<0.05).5.Logistic regression analysis showed that besides smoking,hypertension and hyperlipidemia,periodontal disease and dental caries were also associated with the risk of ischemic stroke.Scaling history could reduce the risk of ischemic stroke by about 79%(P<0.05).Conclusions:According to the results of this survey,we suggest that we should actively carry out early screening,prevention and treatment of oral diseases for people who are prone to cerebrovascular disease,especially the people with ischemic stroke,and guide them to develop good oral health habits as soon as possible.By improving oral hygiene and controlling oral diseases,it helps to reduce the risk of cerebrovascular disease and promote general health.