The Study On The Correlation Between Lymphocyte Subsets At Birth And Common Infectious Diseases In Premature Infants

ObjectiveAnalysis the correlation between the percentage and absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets of preterm infants at birth and neonatal pneumonia,neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis,so as to provide a basis for clinical assessment of the risk of common infectious diseases in premature infants and to take preventive measures;and to preliminarily explore the normal reference interval of each lymphocyte subgroup at birth of premature infants in eastern Guangdong.Methods1.Peripheral venous blood samples collected from premature infants born less than 24hours in the Department of Neonatology,Children’s Hospital of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from August 2019 to February 2021;2.A total of 300 cases met the criteria for entry.According to whether premature babies were infected after birth,they were divided into non-infected group and infected group;the number of cases in the non-infected group was 125 cases,and the number of cases in the infected group was 175 cases.In the infection group,there were 42 cases of neonatal pneumonia,118 cases of neonatal sepsis,and 15 cases of necrotizing enterocolitis;3.Using flow cytometry to perform cytological detection of peripheral venous whole blood samples to obtain CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+CD8+,CD19+,CD16+CD56+cell percentage values and absolute counts and CD4+/CD8+ratios of preterm infants at birth;4.Clinical data and laboratory examination data of enrolled premature infants were collected,and statistical software SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical description and analysis of the data.Results1.In the neonatal pneumonia group,the ratio of CD4+/CD8+in lymphocyte subsets at birth was lower than that in the non-infected group,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.015);2.The absolute counts of CD3~+cells,absolute counts of CD8~+cells and absolute counts of B cells in the lymphocyte subsets of the neonatal sepsis group were lower than those of the non-infected group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);3.The percentage of CD19~+cells in the lymphocyte subsets of premature infants in the necrotizing enterocolitis group was lower than that in the non-infected group,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.009);4.Exploring the normal reference interval of CD3~+,CD4~+,CD8~+,CD4~+CD8~+,CD19~+,CD16~+CD56~+cell percentage values and absolute counts,CD4~+/CD8~+ratios of preterm infants in eastern Guangdong preliminarily.Conclusion1.In this study,lymphocyte subsets were found to be associated with common infectious diseases in premature infants at birth.Premature infants with neonatal pneumonia,neonatal septicemia and necrotizing enterocolitis are born with varying degrees of immunodeficiency and/or dysregulation.By monitoring the absolute count of CD3~+cells,the absolute count of CD8~+cells,the percentage and absolute count of CD19~+cells and the ratio of CD4~+/CD8~+at birth,the risk of neonatal pneumonia,neonatal septicemia and necrotizing enterocolitis can be evaluated clinically and the intervention measures can be taken;2.In this study,by detecting the level of lymphocyte subpopulations at birth in the non-infected group,we preliminarily explored the percentage values and absolute counts of CD3~+,CD4~+,CD8~+,CD4~+CD8~+,CD19~+,CD16~+CD56~+cells,CD4~+/CD8~+,The reference value range of the ratio provides a reference for clinical diagnosis of immune-related diseases in premature infants and monitoring of changes in immune function.