| Background and objective In recent years,the incidence of tuberculosis in China has been on the rise,and in some areas appeared an explosive epidemic.The lack of knowledge about prevention and treatment is more likely to cause the spread of tuberculosis,especially among students.It is very important to know students’ awareness of the disease and actively carry out health propaganda to improve their health level.As a special group of adolescents,secondary vocational health school students are also future health service providers,so it is very necessary for them to understand their own physical and mental health development.This study investigated the secondary vocational students’ cognitive status of tuberculosis disease and analysis the possible related factors,so as to arouse the public’s attention to the cognition level of pulmonary tuberculosis of secondary vocational students,to understand the relevant influencing factors.Basis on these researches,we can take scientific and effective intervention means to improve the secondary vocational students to the cognitive level of tuberculosis,so as to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis in secondary vocational students.Materials and Methods This study consists of two parts.First,a cross-sectional survey was adopted to conduct a random cluster sampling questionnaire survey on the current situation of knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)of students in a secondary vocational school in Shantou.The second part was an intervention study.Four classes of students were selected from the surveyed subjects as the intervention group and the control group respectively,only the intervention group was given the educational intervention for 3 months,.The methods included teaching,We Chat Official Account publicity,exhibition panel display,leaflet distribution,etc.After data input,two people check the data.Median and quaternary were used for statistical description of measurement data with non-normal distribution,while mean ± standard deviation was used for statistical description of measurement data with normal distribution.Nonparametric test was used for the comparison between groups of non-normal data,and two independent samples t-test and analysis of variance were used for the comparison between groups of normally distributed data.The statistical description of enumeration data was expressed as rate and percentage(%),and χ~2 test was used to compare the rates or percentages among different groups.The influencing factors of tuberculosis knowledge,belief and behavior of secondary vocational students were analyzed by binary Logistic regression model.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS26.0(IBM SPSS Inc.,IL,USA),and the production of statistical graphs was performed using Graph Pad Prism 8.0(Graph Pad Software Inc.,San Diego,CA,USA).Results 1.A total of 2248 secondary vocational school students took part in this survey.Among them,the overall awareness rate of the 11 knowledge items of tuberculosis among secondary vocational students was 65.0%,and the overall awareness rate of the 6 core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control was 74.9%.The awareness rate of single core knowledge ranged from 54.9% to 90.9%,with the highest awareness rate of tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment institutions(90.9%).The awareness rate of tuberculosis symptoms was the lowest(54.9%);The awareness rate was 22.6% when all six core pieces of information were correct.2.The holding rate of correct attitude towards tuberculosis among students in a secondary vocational school was 17.3%-81.7%,the highest holding rate was 81.7% for "Tuberculosis patients should be cared for and helped",the lowest holding rate was 17.3% for "You are willing to associate with tuberculosis patients",and the overall holding rate of correct attitude was 64.3%.3.The holding rate of correct behavior of students in a secondary vocational school ranged from 32.3% to 91.8%,among which the holding rate of keeping ventilation with windows open for more than half an hour every day was the highest(91.8%);The lowest percentage of respondents who had actively learned about TB was 32.3 %,and the overall correct behavior was 73.4%.4.Students in medical majors,senior grades and female had a relatively high knowledge awareness rate(P<0.05);Students with older age,medical major,urban residence and relatively good academic performance had more correct attitude toward tuberculosis(P<0.05),while students with medical major,urban residence,high educational level,high monthly family income and relatively good academic performance had higher attitude scores(P<0.05).However,the older,medical,senior and relatively excellent students had more correct TB prevention behaviors(P<0.05).5.Before intervention,there was no significant difference in general information between the two groups(P>0.05).After 3 months of teaching,publicity,display and other comprehensive intervention,there was no statistical difference in tuberculosis KAP scores and scores of each dimension in the control group before and after 3 months(P>0.05).After 3 months,the KAP scores and scores of all dimensions in the intervention group were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).The KAP scores and scores of all dimensions in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions 1.The knowledge,attitude and behavior of the students of a secondary vocational school in Shantou city are universal,and the understanding of tuberculosis is not enough at the same time.The diagnosis of tuberculosis is mainly reflected in the aspects of national tuberculosis examination,free treatment policy and tuberculosis symptoms.2.Major,grade,academic performance and other factors may be the main factors affecting the knowledge and practice of tuberculosis of secondary vocational school students,while other related factors include grade,residence,educational level,family monthly income and so on.3.After three months of multi-facet scientific intervention,the awareness rate,belief and behavior of secondary vocational students on tuberculosis prevention knowledge are effective and significantly improved. |
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